植物纤维增强混凝土性能研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物纤维具有质量轻、比强度高、断裂伸长率大等特点,可改善混凝土易开裂、抗拉强度低、脆性破坏等缺点,还可以提高混凝土的保温性能和耐久性。本文首先分析了各种常用植物纤维的化学成分和力学特征,以及植物纤维的改性方法,然后对国内外学者在植物纤维增强混凝土力学性能、水化特性、保温性能及其他性能方面的研究进行了详细的分析和归纳,并得出了以下结论:利用植物纤维增强混凝土强度时,长纤维平铺法对抗拉强度的增强效果最好,而短纤维内掺法具有更广的应用范围,同时,纤维长度、纤维含量、水灰比等多种因素都会影响混凝土的力学性能;植物纤维能通过改变水泥的水化特性来延缓水化热的释放,从而增强大体积混凝土的抗裂性能;植物纤维能够改善混凝土的保温性能和耐久性,并可通过植物纤维对混凝土的内养护作用,减少混凝土的开裂。

关键词: 植物纤维, 混凝土, 力学性能, 水化特性, 保温性能

Abstract: Plant fibers have the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength and high elongation at break, which can improve the shortcomings of concrete such as easy cracking, low tensile strength and brittle damage. At the same time, plant fibers can improve the thermal insulation properties and durability of concrete. First of all, the chemical composition and mechanical characteristics of various commonly used plant fibers were analyzed, and the modification methods of plant fibers were also discussed. Then, the researches of domestic and foreign scholars on mechanical properties, hydration characteristics, thermal insulation properties and other properties of plant fiber reinforced concrete were analyzed and summarized in detail. And the following conclusions are drawn: when using plant fibers to enhance the strength of concrete, the long fiber lay-flat method has the best effect on the enhancement of tensile strength, while the short fiber in-mixing method has a wider range of applications, and at the same time, a variety of factors, such as fiber length, fiber content, and water-cement ratio, affect the mechanical properties of concrete; plant fibers can retard the release of heat of hydration by changing the hydration characteristics of cement, thus enhancing the crack resistance of mass concrete; plant fibers can improve the thermal insulation properties and durability of concrete, and reduce the cracking of concrete through the endotrophic effect of plant fibers on concrete.

Key words: plant fiber, concrete, mechanical property, hydration characteristic, thermal insulation property

中图分类号:

TU528.572

刘茂军, 许国平. 植物纤维增强混凝土性能研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(10): 3499-3509.

LIU Maojun, XU Guoping. Advances in Properties of Plant Fiber Reinforced Concrete[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(10): 3499-3509.

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