全固废再生流态混合料制备及性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文以碱渣、矿渣、冗余土、砖混再生骨料为主要原料制备回填用全固废再生流态混合料。通过流动度、凝结时间及抗压强度试验,探讨了胶材组成及胶材总量对流态混合料工作性能及力学性能的影响,并通过XRD、SEM进行微观分析。试验结果表明:当碱渣掺量为15%~50%(质量分数,下同)、矿渣为20%~85%、粉煤灰为0%~40%时,流态混合料强度达1 MPa;矿渣掺量对流态混合料的早期及后期抗压强度增长影响最显著;碱性废渣及粉煤灰掺量对流态混合料后期抗压强度的增长影响显著。通过微观分析发现,流态混合料的强度主要源于矿渣在碱性环境下发生的解聚,C-S-H、C-A-S-H及AFt交织形成骨架。

关键词: 流态混合料, 碱渣, 粉煤灰, 抗压强度, 微观分析

Abstract: Alkali slag, slag, redundancy soil and brick concrete fine aggregate were used as raw materials to prepare all-solid waste recycled fluid mixture. Through the tests of fluidity, setting time and compressive strength, the influence of composition and total amount of the cementitious material on the working performance and mechanical properties of fluid mixture were discussed, and the reasons for its performance changes were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The test results show that: in the range of 15%~50% of alkali slag, 20%~85% of slag, and 0%~40% of fly ash, the strength of fluid mixture is up to 1 MPa. The slag content has the most significant impact on the early and later compressive strength growth of fluid mixture. The effect of alkaline waste slag and fly ash content on the later compressive strength growth of fluid mixture is significant. Through microscopic analysis, the strength of fluid mixture is mainly attributed to the depolymerization of slag in an alkaline environment, and the interweaving of C-S-H, C-A-S-H and AFT to form a skeleton.

Key words: fluid mixture, alkali slag, fly ash, compressive strength, microscopic analysis

中图分类号:

X705

周文娟, 胡牛涛, 钮浩翔, 谢谦. 全固废再生流态混合料制备及性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(1): 257-267.

ZHOU Wenjuan, HU Niutao, NIU Haoxiang, XIE Qian. Preparation and Performance of All-Solid Waste Recycled Fluid Mixture[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(1): 257-267.

参考文献

[1] ACI Committee 229. Report on controlled low-strength materials: ACI 229R-13[S]. Farmington Hills: American Concrete Institute, 2013.
[2] 林峰. 废弃轻质混凝土可控低强材料的制备及性能评价[J]. 混凝土, 2023(4): 188-191.
LIN F. Preparation and performance evaluation of controlled low-strength materials incorporating waste lightweight concrete[J]. Concrete, 2023(4): 188-191 (in Chinese).
[3] 刘浩, 朱祐增, 黄锐, 等. 建筑废土制备可控低强度材料的试验研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(26): 11736-11744.
LIU H, ZHU Y Z, HUANG R, et al. Experimental study on preparation of controllable low strength materials from building waste soil[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(26): 11736-11744 (in Chinese).
[4] PUPPALA A J, CHITTOORI B, RAAVI A. Flowability and density characteristics of controlled low-strength material using native high-plasticity clay[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2015, 27(1): 06014026-06014032.
[5] 王帅. 利用地铁盾构渣土制备可控低强度材料的研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2020.
WANG S. Study on preparation of controllable low-strength materials from subway shield dregs[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou University, 2020 (in Chinese).
[6] SHEEN Y N, ZHANG L H, LE D H. Engineering properties of soil-based controlled low-strength materials as slag partially substitutes to Portland cement[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2013, 48: 822-829.
[7] 朱浩泽, 于峰泉, 耿健, 等. 钛石膏基可控低强度材料强度及体积稳定性研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(11): 3644-3653.
ZHU H Z, YU F Q, GENG J, et al. Strength and volume stability of controlled low-strength material based on titanium gypsum[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 40(11): 3644-3653 (in Chinese).
[8] DO T M, KANG G O, KIM Y S. Development of a new cementless binder for controlled low strength material (CLSM) using entirely by-products[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 206: 576-589.
[9] DO T M, KIM Y S, DANG M Q. Influence of curing conditions on engineering properties of controlled low strength material made with cementless binder[J]. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017, 21(5): 1774-1782.
[10] DO T M, KANG G O, GO G H, et al. Evaluation of coal ash-based CLSM made with cementless binder as a thermal grout for borehole heat exchangers[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2019, 31(6): 040190721-0401907211.
[11] ETXEBERRIA M, AINCHIL J, PÉREZ M E, et al. Use of recycled fine aggregates for control low strength materials (CLSMs) production[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2013, 44: 142-148.
[12] 李飞, 刘晨辉, 吴英彪, 等. 建筑垃圾再生材料对可控低强材料(CLSM)性能影响研究[J]. 混凝土, 2018(8): 71-73+78.
LI F, LIU C H, WU Y B, et al. Influence of construction and demolished waste on controlled low strength material(CLSM)[J]. Concrete, 2018(8): 71-73+78 (in Chinese).
[13] 金伟良, 赵羽习. 混凝土结构耐久性研究的回顾与展望[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2002, 36(4): 371-380+403.
JIN W L, ZHAO Y X. State-of-the-art on durability of concrete structures[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2002, 36(4): 371-380+403.(in Chinese)
[14] 王福晋, 赵磊, 梁勇, 等. 建筑垃圾渣土制备固化土配合比参数研究[J]. 建筑技术, 2021, 52(7): 801-804.
WANG F J, ZHAO L, LIANG Y, et al. Study on mix proportion parameters of solidified soil prepared from construction waste soil[J]. Architecture Technology, 2021, 52(7): 801-804 (in Chinese).
[15] ASTM International. Standard test method for flow consistency of controlled low strength material: ASTM D 6103-17[S]. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2017.
[16] ASTM International. Standard test method for expansion and bleeding of freshly mixed grouts for preplaced-aggregate concrete in the laboratory: ASTM C 940-16[S]. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2016.
[17] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法标准: JGJ/T 70—2009[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2009.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China. Test method standard for basic properties of building mortar: JGJ/T 70—2009[S]. Beijing: China Construction Industry Press,2009 (in Chinese).
[18] 郑伟成, 赵令, 张浩, 等. 矿渣-硅灰协同强化钢渣水化反应机理[J]. 钢铁, 2022, 57(5): 146-155.
ZHENG W C, ZHAO L, ZHANG H, et al. Activation mechanisms of silica fume and blast furnace slag on steel slag hydrated gelling systems[J]. Iron & Steel, 2022, 57(5): 146-155 (in Chinese).
[19] WANG X, NI W, JIN R Z, et al. Formation of Friedel’s salt using steel slag and potash mine brine water[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 220: 119-127.
[20] 姜梅芬, 吕宪俊. 混凝土早强剂的研究与应用进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2014, 33(10): 2527-2533.
JIANG M F, LV X J. Research and application progresses of concrete early strength agent[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2014, 33(10): 2527-2533 (in Chinese).
[21] REIG L, SORIANO L, BORRACHERO M V, et al. Influence of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) on alkaline activation of red clay brick waste (RCBW)[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2016, 65: 177-185.
[22] 覃丽芳, 曲波, 史才军, 等. 钙硅比对铝硅酸盐凝胶形成与特性的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(12): 12057-12063.
QIN L F, QU B, SHI C J, et al. Effect of Ca/Si ratio on the formation and characteristics of synthetic aluminosilicate hydrate gels[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(12): 12057-12063 (in Chinese).
[23] 李双喜, 李宛强. 钙基膨润土对碱激发复合砂浆干燥收缩性能影响[J]. 水电能源科学, 2022, 40(9): 172-175.
LI S X, LI W Q. Effect of Ca-bentonite on dry shrinkage of alkali-activated composite mortar[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2022, 40(9): 172-175 (in Chinese).
[24] 周文芳, 陈瑜. 水泥基材料化学收缩和自收缩研究综述[J]. 中外公路, 2013, 33(4): 300-303.
ZHOU W F, CHEN Y. Review on chemical shrinkage and autogenous shrinkage of cement-based materials[J]. Journal of China & Foreign Highway, 2013, 33(4): 300-303 (in Chinese).
[25] 孙浩, 马志斌, 路广军. 粉煤灰碱激发制备地质聚合物研究进展[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2022, 12(28): 14.
SUN H, MA Z B, LU G J. A review on geopolymer preparation by alkali activation of coal fly ash[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2022, 12(28): 14 (in Chinese).
[26] 王海龙, 申向东. 水泥掺量对固化土早期结构形成的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2011, 30(2): 469-473.
WANG H L, SHEN X D. Effect of cement content on the early structural formation of stabilized soil[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2011, 30(2): 469-473 (in Chinese).
[27] 崔孝炜, 倪文, 任超. 钢渣矿渣基全固废胶凝材料的水化反应机理[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(9): 687-694.
CUI X W, NI W, REN C. Hydration mechanism of all solid waste cementitious materials based on steel slag and blast furnace slag[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(9): 687-694 (in Chinese).
[28] 柯国军, 杨晓峰, 彭红, 等. 化学激发粉煤灰活性机理研究进展[J]. 煤炭学报, 2005, 30(3): 366-370.
KE G J, YANG X F, PENG H, et al. Progress of research on chemical activating mechanisms of fly ash[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2005, 30(3): 366-370 (in Chinese).
[29] SHI C J, DAY R L. Acceleration of the reactivity of fly ash by chemical activation[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995, 25(1): 15-21.
[30] 何俊, 王小琦, 石小康, 等. 碱渣-矿渣固化淤泥的无侧限抗压强度与微观特征[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2021, 29(2): 376-386.
HE J, WANG X Q, SHI X K, et al. Unconfined compressive strength and microscopic characteristics of soft soil solidified with soda residue and ground granulated blast furnace slag[J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2021, 29(2): 376-386 (in Chinese).
[31] 管中强, 乔长录, 吴文勇, 等. 氯化钙/草酸体系活化黄河泥沙的力学性能研究[J]. 混凝土, 2022(6): 153-156.
GUAN Z Q, QIAO C L, WU W Y, et al. Activation of Yellow River sediment by calcium chloride/oxalic acid system and study of mechanical properties[J]. Concrete, 2022(6): 153-156 (in Chinese).
[32] 程寅, 黄新. 氯盐对碱激发矿渣净浆强度影响试验[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2015, 41(4): 693-700.
CHENG Y, HUANG X. Experiment of chloride effect on strength of alkali-activated slag paste[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015, 41(4): 693-700 (in Chinese).
[33] 罗鹏翔, 邓念东, 解耿, 等. 氯化钙激发粉煤灰基充填材料水化的机理及动力学特征[J]. 环境工程, 2023, 41(6): 62-70.
LUO P X, DENG N D, XIE G, et al. Hydration mechanism and kinetic characteristics of cacl₂ exciting fly ash paste filling materials[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2023, 41(6): 62-70 (in Chinese).