液-液溶剂置换法制备超疏水SiO2气凝胶

硅酸盐通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 2233-2241.

所属专题：新型功能材料

液-液溶剂置换法制备超疏水SiO₂气凝胶

刘维海, 夏晨康, 张鑫源, 郝名远, 苗洋, 高峰

太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,太原 030024

收稿日期:2023-04-03 修订日期:2023-04-03 出版日期:2023-06-15 发布日期:2023-06-25
通信作者: 苗洋,博士,副教授。E-mail:miaoyang198781@163.com
作者简介:刘维海(1997—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事气凝胶制备方向的研究。E-mail:1349487840@qq.com
基金资助:
山西省重点研发计划(202102030201006);山西省应用基础研究计划 (202103021223055) ;山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目

Preparation of Superhydrophobic SiO₂ Aerogel by Liquid-Liquid Solvent Replacement Method

LIU Weihai, XIA Chenkang, ZHANG Xinyuan, HAO Mingyuan, MIAO Yang, GAO Feng

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

Received:2023-04-03 Revised:2023-04-03 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2023-06-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在保温领域中,SiO₂气凝胶以其突出的性能而备受关注,但有机硅源的制备成本高,限制了其推广和应用。为了降低生产成本,研究人员将目光投向了无机硅源,但无机硅源制备SiO₂气凝胶时需要进行繁琐的溶剂置换。为解决溶剂置换的弊端,本文以煤矸石为原料,采用新型的液-液溶剂置换法并联合低温活化法来制备超疏水SiO₂气凝胶。研究表明,当活化温度为200 ℃、矸酸比为1.0∶1.0(固体质量和液体体积之比)、滤渣与NaOH溶液比值为1.0∶1.0(固体质量和液体体积之比)时活化条件最佳,制备的SiO₂气凝胶具有独特的三维网络结构、高比表面积(687.7 m²/g)、超疏水性(161.9°)和低密度(0.034 g/cm³)。此方法为无机硅源制备SiO₂气凝胶提供了新思路,并显著降低了制备SiO₂气凝胶的成本。

关键词: SiO₂气凝胶, 煤矸石, 液-液溶剂置换法, 低温活化法, 表面改性, 常压干燥

Abstract: In the field of thermal insulation, SiO₂ aerogel has attracted much attention because of its outstanding performance, but the high cost of organosilicon source limits its popularization and application. In order to reduce production cost, researchers have turned their attention to inorganic silicon source, but the preparation of SiO₂ aerogel using inorganic silicon source requires complicated solvent replacement. To solve the problem of solvent replacement, using coal gangue as raw material, the new type of liquid-liquid solvent displacement method combining with low temperature activation method were adopted to prepare super hydrophobic SiO₂ aerogel. The results show that when the activation temperature is 200 ℃, the gangue acid ratio is 1.0∶1.0 (ratio of solid mass to liquid volume), residue and NaOH solution ratio is 1.0∶1.0 (ratio of solid mass to liquid volume), activation conditions are the best. The prepared SiO₂ aerogel has unique three-dimensional network structure, high specific surface area (687.7 m²/g), super hydrophobicity (161.9°) and low density (0.034 g/cm³). This method provides a new idea for preparing SiO₂ aerogel from inorganic silicon source and significantly reduces the cost of preparing SiO₂ aerogel.

Key words: SiO₂ aerogel, coal gangue, liquid-liquid solvent displacement method, low temperature activation method, surface modification, atmospheric drying

中图分类号:

TB321

刘维海, 夏晨康, 张鑫源, 郝名远, 苗洋, 高峰. 液-液溶剂置换法制备超疏水SiO₂气凝胶[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(6): 2233-2241.

LIU Weihai, XIA Chenkang, ZHANG Xinyuan, HAO Mingyuan, MIAO Yang, GAO Feng. Preparation of Superhydrophobic SiO₂ Aerogel by Liquid-Liquid Solvent Replacement Method[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(6): 2233-2241.

参考文献

[1] ZHU J, GUO S, LI X. Preparation of hydrophobic silica aerogel with kaolin dried at ambient pressure. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(125): 103656-103661.
[2] HU W B, LI M M, CHEN W, et al. Preparation of hydrophobic silica aerogel with Kaolin dried at ambient pressure[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2016, 501: 83-91.
[3] 徐静, 赵永奇, 徐成强, 等. 硅酸钠模数对SiO₂气凝胶结构和表面改性机制的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(10): 3667-3674.
XU J, ZHAO Y Q, XU C Q, et al. Effect of sodium silicate modulus on structure and surface modification mechanism of SiO₂ aerogel[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(10): 3667-3674 (in Chinese).
[4] KANTOR Z, WU T T, ZENG Z H, et al. Heterogeneous silica-polyimide aerogel-in-aerogel nanocomposites[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 443: 136401.
[5] KHEDKAR M V, SOMVANSHI S B, HUMBE A V, et al. Surface modified sodium silicate based superhydrophobic silica aerogels prepared via ambient pressure drying process[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2019, 511: 140-146.
[6] 何辉, 姜勇刚, 张忠明, 等. 二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的高温疏水改性及失效机制[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(5): 1813-1820.
HE H, JIANG Y G, ZHANG Z M, et al. High Temperature hydrophobic modification and failure mechanism of silica aerogel thermal insulation composites[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(5): 1813-1820 (in Chinese).
[7] 夏晨康, 李淑敏, 胡博, 等. 以煤矸石为原料制备Al₂O₃-SiO₂气凝胶的工艺与性能[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(2): 607-615.
XIA C K, LI S M, HU B, et al. Preparation and properties of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ aerogel from coal gangue[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(2): 607-615 (in Chinese).
[8] DIAO S, LIU H E, CHEN S, et al. Oil adsorption performance of graphene aerogels[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2020, 55(11): 4578-4591.
[9] 董龙浩, 韩磊, 田亮, 等. TiO₂气凝胶的制备及光催化性能研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2020, 39(1): 290-302.
DONG L H, HAN L, TIAN L, et al. Research progress of preparation and photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ aerogel[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(1): 290-302.
[10] 刘维海, 李淑敏, 武泽民, 等. 煤矸石酸碱一步催化法制备SiO₂气凝胶[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2022, 42(1): 165-171.
LIU W H, LI S M, WU Z M, et al. Preparation of SiO₂ aerogel from coal gangue by one-step acid-base catalytic method[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022, 42(1): 165-171 (in Chinese).
[11] ZHU X D, CHEN S, CHEN B W, et al. Thermal treatment of coal-gangue activation and influential factors[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 750/751/752: 1309-1312.
[12] WEI J, ZHU P H, SUN H. Ambient-dried silica aerogel powders derived from coal gangue by using one-pot method[J]. Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022, 15(4): 1454.
[13] LUO Z T, YANG G J, ZHANG M, et al. Effect of residual Na⁺ on the properties of aerogel prepared with sodium silicate via APD[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2022, 575: 121200.
[14] SHEN M M, JIANG X Y, ZHANG M, et al. Synthesis of SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite aerogel from fly ash: a low-cost and facile approach[J]. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2020, 93(2): 281-290.
[15] 李贵安, 朱庭良, 叶录元, 等. 原位法常压干燥制备疏水SiO₂气凝胶及其热稳定性[J]. 物理化学学报, 2009, 25(9): 1811-1815.
LI G A, ZHU T L, YE L Y, et al. Hydrophobic silica aerogel prepared in-situ by ambient pressure drying and its thermal stability[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2009, 25(9): 1811-1815 (in Chinese).

液-液溶剂置换法制备超疏水SiO₂气凝胶

Preparation of Superhydrophobic SiO₂ Aerogel by Liquid-Liquid Solvent Replacement Method

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈伟, 宋金源, 段平, 陈琴, 唐佩. 人造骨料表面改性改善混凝土界面过渡区性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(5): 1615-1622.
[2]	胡彪, 李先海, 晏祥政, 赵永庆. 热活化煤矸石粉对基体-骨料界面过渡区性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(4): 1315-1322.
[3]	张敬浩, 孟凡会, 王丽娜, 戴露霏, 姚隆帆, 李忠. 煤矸石基泡沫陶瓷的制备及性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(3): 960-969.
[4]	黄学辉, 常宇, 宋晓展, 杨娜. 凝胶注模-发泡法制备煤矸石多孔吸声材料的工艺研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(3): 970-977.
[5]	许星, 张金才, 王宝凤, 郭彦霞, 程芳琴. 玄武岩纤维表面改性的研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(2): 575-586.
[6]	姚志鑫, 穆川川, 单俊鸿, 刘捷, 王奎, 高鹏. 基于裹浆工艺的煤矸石混凝土性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(2): 587-597.
[7]	冯春花, 陈钰, 黄益宏, 郭晖, 朱建平. 煤矸石骨料及其改性技术研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(1): 133-143.
[8]	关虓, 龙行, 丁莎, 张鹏鑫. 冻融作用下活化煤矸石粉混凝土损伤劣化规律[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(1): 144-150.
[9]	袁璞, 朱益胜. 不同龄期碱矿渣陶粒混凝土抗压强度试验与能量特征分析[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(7): 2292-2298.
[10]	孔祥辰, 白频波, 宋伟, 玄松桐, 张云玲, 田玉明. 煅烧煤矸石添加量对陶粒支撑剂力学性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(6): 2039-2046.
[11]	白应华, 潘秋阳. 煤矸石对泡沫混凝土孔结构的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(6): 2047-2052.
[12]	吴佩遥, 鲍崇高, 李世佳, 董文彩, 马海强, 宋索成. 羟基化结合硅烷偶联剂改性对光固化Si₃N₄膏料性能的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(6): 2134-2142.
[13]	储安健, 李英明, 黄顺杰, 陈莞尔. 纳米SiO₂和聚丙烯纤维对煤矸石二灰混合料改性试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(5): 1669-1676.
[14]	何辉, 姜勇刚, 张忠明, 冯军宗, 李良军, 冯坚. 二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的高温疏水改性及失效机制[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(5): 1813-1820.
[15]	湛玲丽, 韩利雄, 李璟玮, 李宏, 谢俊, 熊德华. 高掺量煤矸石固废微晶玻璃结构与性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(4): 1124-1132.