陶瓷相结合粉煤灰漂珠轻质隔热材料的制备及性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以钾长石和粉煤灰漂珠为主要原料,矾土为调质剂,在空气气氛下经900~1 150 ℃保温1 h制备得到轻质隔热材料,并研究了烧成温度与矾土含量对轻质隔热材料服役性能的影响规律及作用机理。结果表明,通过提升烧成温度或增加矾土含量,能够有效优化轻质隔热材料的常温物理性能。当烧成温度为1 100 ℃、调质剂矾土质量分数为20%时,试样具有最佳物理性能,其体积密度约为(0.97±0.01) g·cm^-3,真气孔率约为(63.7±0.5)%,常温耐压强度达到(9.42±0.21) MPa,同时其300 ℃和600 ℃下的高温热导率分别约为0.147 W/(m·K)和0.229 W/(m·K),与一般轻质隔热材料相比同样具有优异服役性能,且制备成本较低。

关键词: 钾长石, 粉煤灰漂珠, 轻质隔热材料, 物理性能, 高温热导率, 孔径分布

Abstract: Potassium feldspar and fly ash cenosphere (FAC) were used as raw materials, and bauxite was used as a texturizer for the preparation of lightweight insulation materials at 900~1 150 ℃ for 1 h in the air atmosphere. The influence law and action mechanism of sintering temperature and bauxite content on the service performance of lightweight insulation materials were studied. The results show that the cold physical properties of lightweight insulation materials are effectively optimized by the increase of sintering temperature or bauxite content. The sample containing 20% (mass fraction) bauxite has the best physical properties after sintering at 1 100 ℃. The bulk density, true porosity, and cold crush strength of sample are (0.97±0.01) g·cm^-3, (63.7±0.5)%, and (9.42±0.21) MPa, respectively. Besides, the sample has good thermal insulation performance with thermal conductivity of 0.147 W/(m·K) at 300 ℃ and thermal conductivity of 0.229 W/(m·K) at 600 ℃. Compared with general lightweight insulation materials, the porous potassium feldspar-FAC lightweight insulation material has excellent service performance and lower preparation cost.

Key words: potassium feldspar, fly ash cenosphere, lightweight insulation material, physical property, high-temperature thermal conductivity, pore size distribution

中图分类号:

TQ175.7

董博, 闵昌胜, 陈博, 邓承继, 谢哲, 杨千秋, 丁军, 祝洪喜, 杨昕雨, 余超. 陶瓷相结合粉煤灰漂珠轻质隔热材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(9): 3315-3323.

DONG Bo, MIN Changsheng, CHEN Bo, DENG Chengji, XIE Zhe, YANG Qianqiu, DING Jun, ZHU Hongxi, YANG Xinyu, YU Chao. Preparation and Properties of Lightweight Insulation Materials of Ceramic Phase Bonded Fly Ash Cenosphere[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(9): 3315-3323.

参考文献

[1] ABYZOV V A. Lightweight refractory concrete based on aluminum-magnesium-phosphate binder[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2016, 150: 1440-1445.
[2] JIE C, LIU H, WANG Z F, et al. Structure and properties of lightweight magnesia refractory castables with porous matrix[J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(6): 7880-7887.
[3] SI Y C, FAN S H, WANG H L, et al. Preparation of lightweight corundum-mullite thermal insulation materials by microwave sintering[J]. Processing and Application of Ceramics, 2021, 15(2): 170-178.
[4] CHEN R Y, LI Y B, XIANG R F, et al. Effect of particle size of fly ash on the properties of lightweight insulation materials[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 123: 120-126.
[5] KRASNYI B L, IKONNIKOV K I, LEMESHEV D O, et al. Fly ash as technogenic raw material for producing refractory and insulating ceramic materials (review)[J]. Glass and Ceramics, 2021, 78(1/2): 48-56.
[6] WANG C, XU G G, GU X Y, et al. High value-added applications of coal fly ash in the form of porous materials: a review[J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(16): 22302-22315.
[7] 潘孟博,李祥,戚文豪,等.烧成工艺对花岗岩基轻质隔热材料性能的影响[J].硅酸盐通报,2021,40(10):3226-3231.
PAN M B, LI X, QI W H, et al. Effect of firing process on performance of granite-based lightweight thermal insulation materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 40(10): 3226-3231 (in Chinese).
[8] HOSSAIN S S, BAE C J, ROY P K. A replacement of traditional insulation refractory brick by a waste-derived lightweight refractory castable[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2021, 18(5): 1783-1791.
[9] EWAIS E M M, ELSAADANY R M, AHMED A A, et al. Insulating refractory bricks from water treatment sludge and rice husk ash[J]. Refractories and Industrial Ceramics, 2017, 58(2): 136-144.
[10] RAMEZANI A, EMAMI S M, NEMAT S. Effect of waste serpentine on the properties of basic insulating refractories[J]. Ceramics International, 2018, 44(8): 9269-9275.
[11] ABDRAKHIMOV V Z. Preparation of light-weight refractory based on nonferrous metallurgy and oil recovery waste[J]. Refractories and Industrial Ceramics, 2019, 60(2): 209-213.
[12] 张小军,祝洪喜,邓承继,等.熔盐法制备镁橄榄石轻质保温隔热材料的物相及性能[J].机械工程材料,2015,39(2):26-29.
ZHANG X J, ZHU H X, DENG C J, et al. Phase and properties of light forsterite thermal insulation materials synthesized by molten salt method[J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 39(2): 26-29 (in Chinese).
[13] 宋云飞,邓承继,祝洪喜,等.基于灰色系统理论的多孔镁橄榄石材料孔结构与导热性能的相关性[J].硅酸盐学报,2018,46(3):449-454.
SONG Y F, DENG C J, ZHU H X, et al. Correlation between porosity characteristics and thermal conductivity of forsterite porous materials based on grey system theory[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2018, 46(3): 449-454 (in Chinese).
[14] LI K K, ZHAO F, LIU X, et al. Fabrication of porous forsterite-spinel-periclase ceramics by transient liquid phase diffusion process for high-temperature thermal isolation[J]. Ceramics International, 2022, 48(2): 2330-2336.
[15] HAN Y, LI C W, BIAN C, et al. Porous anorthite ceramics with ultra-low thermal conductivity[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2013, 33(13/14): 2573-2578.
[16] DAL S, SUTCU M, GOK M S, et al. Characteristics of lightweight diatomite-based insulating firebricks[J]. Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, 2020, 57(2): 184-191.
[17] 谢哲,邓承继,董博,等.利用镁橄榄石和粉煤灰漂珠制备轻质隔热材料的研究[J/OL].耐火材料(2022-03-15)[2022-05-10].https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/41.1136.TF.20220314.1604.026.html.
XIE Z, DENG C J, DONG B, et al. Preparation on the performance of forsterite-fly ash cenosphere insulation material[J/OL]. Refractories (2022-03-15) [2022-05-10]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/41.1136.TF.20220314.1604.026.html (in Chinese).
[18] LAVES F. The lattice and twinning of microcline and other potash feldspars[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1950, 58(5): 548-571.
[19] DAS S K, DANA K. Differences in densification behaviour of K- and Na-feldspar-containing porcelain bodies[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 406(1/2): 199-206.
[20] WU J F, LI Z, HUANG Y Q, et al. Fabrication and characterization of low temperature co-fired cordierite glass-ceramics from potassium feldspar[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2014, 583: 248-253.
[21] 张晓慢,雍倩禧,祁梦瑶,等.钾长石提钾技术进展[J].矿产保护与利用,2020,40(4):172-178.
ZHANG X M, YONG Q X, QI M Y, et al. Status and prospect of potassium extracting from potassium feldspar[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(4): 172-178 (in Chinese).
[22] 高辉,张光磊,邵长涛.氧化铝改性钾长石牙科陶瓷的研究[J].无机材料学报,2011,26(9):983-986.
GAO H, ZHANG G L, SHAO C T. Research on alumina modified feldspathic dental ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2011, 26(9): 983-986 (in Chinese).
[23] 胡波,韩效钊,肖正辉,等.我国钾长石矿产资源分布、开发利用、问题与对策[J].化工矿产地质,2005,27(1):25-32.
HU B, HAN X Z, XIAO Z H, et al. Distribution of potash feldspar resources in China and its exploitation[J]. Geology of Chemical Minerals, 2005, 27(1): 25-32 (in Chinese).
[24] 王琦琦,刘作冬,于永生,等.低品位钾长石制备多孔保温隔热陶瓷研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2020,39(7):2267-2273.
WANG Q Q, LIU Z D, YU Y S, et al. Study on porous thermal insulation ceramics prepared by low-grade potash feldspar materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(7): 2267-2273 (in Chinese).
[25] 陈文明,盛继福,钱汉东.西藏玉龙斑岩铜矿含矿斑岩体钾长石斑晶的有序度及成因探讨[J].岩石学报,2006,22(4):1017-1022.
CHEN W M, SHENG J F, QIAN H D. Degrees of ordering and origin of K-feldspar phenocrysts in a mineralized porphyry of the Yulong porphyry copper deposit, Tibet[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2006, 22(4): 1017-1022 (in Chinese).
[26] RIBBE P H. Feldspar mineralogy reviews in mineralogy[M]. 2nd ed. Washington D. C: Mineralogical Society of America, 1983: 18-77.
[27] 杨欢迎,李勇,刘淑龙,等.高铝矾土的烧结动力学特征[J].硅酸盐学报,2014,42(3):372-376.
YANG H Y, LI Y, LIU S L, et al. Sintering kinetics property of high-alumina bauxite[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2014, 42(3): 372-376 (in Chinese).
[28] 刘睿.钾长石相变过程的实验研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2015:42-43.
LIU R. The experimental study of phase transition process of potassium feldspar[D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 2015: 42-43 (in Chinese).
[29] QIAN H R, CHENG X D, ZHANG H P, et al. Preparation of porous mullite ceramics using fly ash cenosphere as a pore-forming agent by gelcasting process[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2014, 11(5): 858-863.
[30] SUN Z Q, LU C, FAN J M, et al. Porous silica ceramics with closed-cell structure prepared by inactive hollow spheres for heat insulation[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2016, 662: 157-164.