水泥结合铬刚玉浇注料抗危废炉渣侵蚀行为研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铬刚玉浇注料是重要的危废焚烧炉炉衬材料之一,但危废来源广泛,成分复杂,导致炉渣的成分存在差异,从而影响炉衬的使用寿命。本文以铝酸钙水泥结合铬刚玉浇注料为研究对象,选取了富含CaO、Fe₂O₃和SiO₂的三种典型危废炉渣,研究了上述危废炉渣对铬刚玉浇注料烧成前后的侵蚀/渗透行为和Cr(Ⅵ)形成的影响。结果表明,材料的抗渣侵蚀和渗透性能与渣的黏度、渣与材料的界面反应以及材料的孔隙结构有关。就渗透性而言,高SiO₂渣和高Fe₂O₃渣与材料界面反应后形成了低熔点的霞石等物相,促进了渣渗透;高CaO渣与材料反应后形成了高熔点的六铝酸钙等物相,减缓了渣渗透,造成渣渗透深度顺序为高SiO₂渣>高Fe₂O₃渣>高CaO渣。相比之下,将材料进行烧成处理可以显著降低基质中CaO的反应活性,而且可以实现微孔化,渣的渗透行为受到抑制,尤其是高SiO₂渣的渗透显著降低。静态坩埚抗渣侵蚀性与渣液的渗透行为有关,由于渣的显著渗透行为,反而降低了渣的侵蚀指数。高CaO渣与试样反应后渣液黏度上升,且生成高熔点的铝酸钙相减缓渣液渗透,渣作用在材料界面时间增长,导致高CaO渣的侵蚀指数略高。

关键词: 铬刚玉浇注料, 危废炉渣, 抗侵蚀性能, 抗渗透性能, 孔径分布, Cr(Ⅵ), 黏度

Abstract: Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ castable is one of the important lining materials of hazardous waste incinerators. However, the sources of hazardous waste are extensive and very complex, which lead to the difference of slag composition, thus affecting the service life of hazardous waste incinerators. In this paper, calcium aluminate cement (CAC) bonded Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ castable was taken as the research object. Three typical hazardous waste slags rich in CaO, Fe₂O₃ and SiO₂ were selected,and the effects of the above hazardous waste slags on the erosion/penetration behavior and Cr(Ⅵ) formation of chromium corundum castables before and after firing were investigated. The result shows that the slag corrosion resistance and infiltration resistance of materials are related to the chemical composition of slag, viscosity, interfacial reaction between slag and materials and pore structure of materials. As far as infiltration is concerned, the high SiO₂ slag and high Fe₂O₃ slag react with the material interface to form phases such as nepheline with low melting point, which promote the slag infiltration, while the high CaO slag reacts with the material to form phases such as CaAl₁₂O₁₉ with high melting point, which slow down the slag infiltration. As a result, the order of slag infiltration depth: high SiO₂ slag>high Fe₂O₃ slag>high CaO slag. In contrast, heat treatment of the material can significantly reduce the reactivity of CaO in the matrix, microporation can be achieved, and the infiltration behavior of slag is inhibited, especially the infiltration of high SiO₂ slag is significantly reduced. The corrosion resistance of static crucible slag is related to the infiltration behavior of slag liquid. Because of the obvious infiltration behavior of slag, the corrosion index of slag is reduced. After the high CaO slag reacts with the sample, the viscosity of slag liquid increases, and the calcium aluminate phase with high melting point is formed to slow down the penetration of slag liquid, and the time for slag to act on the material interface increases, which leads to the high corrosion index of high CaO slag.

Key words: Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ castable, hazardous waste slag, corrosion resistance, infiltration resistance, distribution of pore size, Cr(Ⅵ), viscosity

中图分类号:

TQ175

廖梓昕, 李亚伟, 廖宁, 刘会林. 水泥结合铬刚玉浇注料抗危废炉渣侵蚀行为研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(9): 3304-3314.

LIAO Zixin, LI Yawei, LIAO Ning, LIU Huilin. Hazardous Waste Slag Corrosion Resistance of Cement Bonded Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ Castable[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(9): 3304-3314.

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