二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的高温疏水改性及失效机制

硅酸盐通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 1813-1820.

二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的高温疏水改性及失效机制

何辉^1,2, 姜勇刚², 张忠明¹, 冯军宗², 李良军², 冯坚²

1.西安理工大学材料科学与工程学院,西安 710048;
2.国防科技大学新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙 410073

收稿日期:2021-12-17 修回日期:2022-01-17 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-06-01
通讯作者: 张忠明,教授。E-mail:zmzhang@xaut.edu.cn; 姜勇刚,副研究员。E-mail:jygemail@nudt.edu.cn
作者简介:何辉(1993—),男,硕士研究生。主要从事疏水气凝胶方面的研究。E-mail:1019285991@qq.com
基金资助:
湖南省自然科学基金(2018JJ2469);湖南省重点研发计划(2022GK2027)

High Temperature Hydrophobic Modification and Failure Mechanism of Silica Aerogel Thermal Insulation Composites

HE Hui^1,2, JIANG Yonggang², ZHANG Zhongming¹, FENG Junzong², LI Liangjun², FENG Jian²

1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
2. Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Received:2021-12-17 Revised:2022-01-17 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-06-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： SiO₂气凝胶隔热复合材料已经广泛应用于航空航天、石油化工等隔热保温领域,通过疏水改性可大幅拓展其应用场景。为了使SiO₂气凝胶隔热复合材料在更高温度仍保持良好的疏水性能,采用聚硅氧烷改性硅酸盐涂料对SiO₂气凝胶隔热复合材料进行表面刷涂疏水改性,然后研究了涂层厚度对裂纹扩张的影响以及涂层在高温下疏水性能的失效机制和刷涂改性前后复合材料的耐磨损性能。结果表明,当涂层厚度大约为13 μm时,所制备的涂层表面无裂纹,接触角可达(113±2)°,经450 ℃高温热处理1 800 s后接触角依然可以保持在105°左右,表现出良好的热稳定性,同时涂层显著提高了复合材料的耐磨损性能。

关键词: SiO₂气凝胶隔热复合材料, 聚硅氧烷改性硅酸盐, 耐高温, 疏水改性, 耐磨损性能, 涂层

Abstract: SiO₂ aerogel thermal insulation composites have been widely used in aerospace, petrochemical and other thermal insulation fields, and their application can be significantly expanded through hydrophobic modification. In order to maintain good hydrophobic properties of SiO₂ aerogel thermal insulation composites at high temperature, polysiloxane modified silicate coatings were used to modify the surface hydrophobicity of SiO₂ aerogel thermal insulation composites by brushing. The effect of coating thickness on crack expansion was then investigated, as well as the failure mechanism of hydrophobic properties of the coating at high temperature and the wear resistance of the composite before and after brushing coating modification. The results show that the surface of the coating is crack-free and the contact angle reaches (113±2)° when the coating thickness is about 13 μm. The contact angle still is maintained at 105° after heat treatment at 450 ℃ for 1 800 s, showing good thermal stability. Meanwhile, the coating significantly improves the wear resistance of composites.

Key words: SiO₂ aerogel thermal insulation composite, polysiloxane modified silicate, thermal resistance, hydrophobic modification, wear resistance, coating

中图分类号:

TB332

何辉, 姜勇刚, 张忠明, 冯军宗, 李良军, 冯坚. 二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的高温疏水改性及失效机制[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(5): 1813-1820.

HE Hui, JIANG Yonggang, ZHANG Zhongming, FENG Junzong, LI Liangjun, FENG Jian. High Temperature Hydrophobic Modification and Failure Mechanism of Silica Aerogel Thermal Insulation Composites[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(5): 1813-1820.

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