激光改性玄武岩纤维性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用高能激光束对玄武岩纤维进行表面改性,并制备玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料。利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射等手段,表征改性前后玄武岩纤维的微观形态、物相结构,系统研究了激光对纤维的微观组织变化、性能等影响规律,并测试了玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能。研究结果表明,随着激光功率的增加,玄武岩纤维表面缺陷深度和缺陷面积增加。当激光功率由0 W提高至120 W时,表面缺陷最大深度由9 nm增加至180 nm,表面缺陷的分布范围由3.5~6.5 nm增加至90~120 nm,表面粗糙度由1.41 nm增加至24.70 nm。激光改性后,玄武岩纤维单丝拉伸性能降低,由于激光对纤维的辐射作用,玄武岩纤维的表面缺陷深度与拉伸强度的关系不符合经典理论。激光改性前后,玄武岩纤维XRD谱峰位基本一致,表面所含元素的种类没有发生变化。激光改性使玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能有所改善,随着激光功率的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度呈先升高后降低的趋势。

关键词: 玄武岩纤维, 树脂基复合材料, 高能激光, 表面改性, 物理形貌, 表面缺陷

Abstract: The basalt fiber was surface modified by high energy laser beam, and basalt fiber/epoxy resin composite was prepared. The microstructure, mechanical properties and phase structure of basalt fiber were characterized by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and X-ray diffraction. The influence of laser on the microstructure and properties of basalt fiber was systematically studied. And mechanical properties of basalt fiber/epoxy resin composites were tested. The results show that the depth and area of surface defects of basalt fiber increase with the increase of laser modification power. When the modification power increases from 0 W to 120 W, the maximum depth of surface defects increases from 9 nm to 180 nm, the distribution range of surface defects increases from 3.5~6.5 nm to 90~120 nm, the surface roughness increases from 1.41 nm to 24.70 nm. After laser modification, the tensile property of basalt fiber decreases. The relationship between the depth of surface defect and tensile strength of basalt fiber does not follow the classical theory because of the radiation effect of laser on the fiber. XRD peaks of basalt fibers are basically the same before and after laser modification, and the types of elements on the surface of basalt fiber do not change. Laser modification can improve the mechanical properties of basalt fiber/epoxy resin composite. With the increase of laser power, the tensile strength and impact of composites increase first and then decrease.

Key words: basalt fiber, resin matrix composite, high energy laser, surface modification, physical morphology, surface defect

中图分类号:

TB321

刘静, 孟鹏. 激光改性玄武岩纤维性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(10): 3680-3691.

LIU Jing, MENG Peng. Study on Properties of Laser Modified Basalt Fibers[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(10): 3680-3691.

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