叶蜡石改性膨胀型涂料阻燃性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高木质胶合板的阻燃性能,以聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)-尿素为基础配方,叶蜡石粉作为改性添加剂制备膨胀型阻燃涂料(IFRC);采用锥形量热仪、静态接触角测量仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和拉力机等仪器对试样的阻燃性能、疏水性能和力学性能进行了表征,并且研究了叶蜡石粉含量对所制备涂料性能的影响。结果表明:在膨胀型阻燃涂料中加入适量的叶蜡石可以提高涂料的阻燃效果,当掺加叶蜡石粉的质量分数为2%时,涂料的火灾增长指数(FGI)降低了47%,火灾性能指数(FPI)增加了89%,并且阻燃性能指数(FRI)提高至2.5倍;叶蜡石粉的加入促进涂层在燃烧过程中形成连续致密的炭层结构,并形成了可以有效隔绝氧气和热量的熔融态物质,进一步增强了涂料的阻燃隔热性能;此时涂层的疏水性能和燃烧后木质胶合板的力学性能达到最佳,水接触角增大了8°,拉伸强度提高了45%,断裂伸长率也提高至8.5倍。本文研究结果对木质胶合板阻燃体系涂料配方的开发有一定的参考作用。

关键词: 叶蜡石, 膨胀型阻燃涂料, 改性, 阻燃性能, 阻燃机理, 疏水性能, 力学性能

Abstract: In order to improve the flame retardancy of wood plywood, the intumescent flame retardant coating (IFRC) was prepared by using APP-PER-urea as the basic formula of the system and pyrophyllite as the modified additive. The flame retardancy, hydrophobic and mechanical properties of samples were characterized by means of cone calorimeter, static contact angle machine, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and tensile machine, and the influence of pyrophyllite content on the coating was studied. The results show that adding suitable amount of pyrophyllite in intumescent flame retardant coatings improves the flame retardant effect of coatings. The fire growth index (FGI) reduces by 47%, the fire performance index (FPI) increases by 89%, and the flame retardant index (FRI) increases to 2.5 times when the mass fraction of pyrophyllite powder is 2%. The addition of pyrophyllite powder promotes the formation of continuous and dense carbon layer structure during combustion, produces a molten substance which can effectively isolate oxygen and heat entering the base material and further enhances the flame retardant and thermal insulation properties of the coating. When the mass fraction of pyrophyllite is 2%, the hydrophobic properties of the coating and mechanical properties of wood-made plywood after combustion are the best, and the water contact angle increases by 8°, the tensile strength increases by 45%, and the elongation at break also increases to 8.5 times. The research results can be used as reference for the development of intumescent flame retardant coatings for the wood plywood.

Key words: pyrophyllite, intumescent flame retardant coating, modification, flame retardancy, flame retardant mechanism, hydrophobic property, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TQ628.4

李依诺, 赵江平, 王亚超, 寇晓飞, 薛晶晶. 叶蜡石改性膨胀型涂料阻燃性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(1): 323-331.

LI Yinuo, ZHAO Jiangping, WANG Yachao, KOU Xiaofei, XUE Jingjing. Flame Retardancy of Pyrophyllite Modified Intumescent Coating[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(1): 323-331.

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