磷酸基地聚合物多孔材料的制备及其隔热防火性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以偏高岭土为原料,磷酸为激发剂,过氧化氢为发泡剂,制备了磷酸基地聚合物多孔材料。研究了液固比及二氧化锰掺量对磷酸基地聚合物多孔材料物理性能、隔热防火性能的影响。结果表明,液固比在1.56~1.76范围内时,可制备出孔隙分布均匀、结构良好的磷酸基地聚合物多孔材料。当液固比为1.71时样品有最大抗压强度2.73 MPa和最低导热系数0.17 W/(m·K)。液固比一定时,添加二氧化锰能提高过氧化氢的分解率和分解速率,从而影响孔隙结构。当二氧化锰掺量为0.10%(质量分数)时,样品的导热系数下降,干密度和孔隙率增大,抗压强度保持在2.09 MPa。经过3 h耐火极限测试后,1.71液固比及0.10%二氧化锰掺量下样品背面温度最终保持在262 ℃左右。综合XRD和SEM分析可知,耐火极限测试后,两种样品中均出现薄片状结构鳞石英、鳞石英型磷酸铝(T-AlPO₄)相。

关键词: 偏高岭土, 磷酸, 地聚合物, 多孔材料, 隔热防火性能

Abstract: Phosphoric acid-based geopolymer foams (PAGFs) were prepared from metakaolin with phosphoric acid as activator and hydrogen peroxide as foaming agent. The effects of liquid-solid ratio and manganese dioxide content on the physical properties, thermal conductivity and fire-resistance of PAGFs were studied. As liquid-solid ratio varies from 1.56 to 1.76, the PAGFs with uniform distribution pore and excellent pore structure can be prepared. As the liquid-solid ratio is 1.71, the sample presents maximum compressive strength (2.73 MPa) and minimum thermal conductivity (0.17 W/(m·K)). Furthermore, when the liquid-solid ratio is constant, the addition of manganese dioxide raises the decomposition efficiency and the rate of hydrogen peroxide, improves the pore structure of PAGFs.When the manganese dioxide mass content is 0.10%, the thermal conductivity of the sample decreases, the dry density and porosity increase, and the compressive strength remains at 2.09 MPa. After 3 h fire-resistance test, the backside temperature of the sample remains at about 262 ℃ under the condition of 1.71 liquid-solid ratio and 0.10% manganese dioxide content. The XRD and SEM indicate that lamellar tridymite and tridymite aluminum phosphate (T-AlPO₄) phase are detected in samples after fire-resistance test.

Key words: metakaolin, phosphoric acid, geopolymer, foams, fire-resistance

中图分类号:

TQ175

安然, 徐中慧, 帅勤, 胡丹, 向应令, 韩林沛. 磷酸基地聚合物多孔材料的制备及其隔热防火性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(4): 1258-1265.

AN Ran, XU Zhonghui, SHUAI Qin, HU Dan, XIANG Yingling, HAN Linpei. Preparation of Phosphoric Acid-Based Geopolymer Foams and Its Fire-Resistance[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2021, 40(4): 1258-1265.

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