硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 3299-3316.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2026.0163
张义彬1(
), 罗健林1(
), 商怀帅1, 井源2, 刘超1
收稿日期:2026-02-20
修订日期:2026-04-03
出版日期:2026-09-15
发布日期:2026-10-09
通信作者:
罗健林,博士,教授。E-mail:lawjanelim@qut.edu.cn作者简介:张义彬(2001—),女,硕士研究生。主要从事先进土木工程材料的研究。E-mail:1552731732@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHANG Yibin1(
), LUO Jianlin1(
), SHANG Huaishuai1, JING Yuan2, LIU Chao1
Received:2026-02-20
Revised:2026-04-03
Published:2026-09-15
Online:2026-10-09
摘要:
为保障现代道路使用寿命及行车安全,用高性能修补材料对破损道路进行快速修补是一种高效便捷且低碳环保的手段。本文采用硅酸盐水泥与硫铝酸盐水泥复配成胶凝体系,掺加废弃轮胎橡胶粉(RP)与可分散乳胶粉的同时引入氧化石墨烯制备出纳米材料/聚合物/橡胶三元改性水泥基复合材料(NPRM),用正交优化方法对NPRM各项修补性能综合量化分析。经极差与方差分析优化出NPRM最优配合比,相应最优配合比下NPRM流动扩展度、终凝时间、28 d折压比、28 d弯拉粘结强度、90 d干燥收缩分别为194 mm、115 min、0.319、5.35 MPa、93.57×10-6,相比于传统修补砂浆拥有更优异的综合修补性能。同时RP的掺入可显著减少行车荷载产生的冲击与噪声,在NPRM修补劣化城市道路的同时实现了耗能吸声效能。
中图分类号:
张义彬, 罗健林, 商怀帅, 井源, 刘超. 路用水泥基修补材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(9): 3299-3316.
ZHANG Yibin, LUO Jianlin, SHANG Huaishuai, JING Yuan, LIU Chao. Preparation and Properties of Cement-Based Repair Materials for Road[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(9): 3299-3316.
| Cement | Mass fraction/% | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | R2O | SO3 | Loss | |
| OPC | 24.99 | 51.42 | 3.71 | 8.26 | 4.03 | 1.73 | 2.51 | 3.35 |
| SAC | 18.33 | 41.97 | 5.34 | 16.63 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 14.97 | 0.98 |
表1 水泥的主要化学组成
Table 1 Main chemical composition of cement
| Cement | Mass fraction/% | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | R2O | SO3 | Loss | |
| OPC | 24.99 | 51.42 | 3.71 | 8.26 | 4.03 | 1.73 | 2.51 | 3.35 |
| SAC | 18.33 | 41.97 | 5.34 | 16.63 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 14.97 | 0.98 |
| Average grain diameter/mm | Ash content (mass fraction)/% | Iron content (mass fraction)/% | Fiber content (mass fraction)/% | Density/(g·cm-3) | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.425 | 4.3 | 0.029 | 0 | 1.25 | 15 | 500 |
表2 废弃橡胶粉的主要性能指标
Table 2 Main performance indicators of RP
| Average grain diameter/mm | Ash content (mass fraction)/% | Iron content (mass fraction)/% | Fiber content (mass fraction)/% | Density/(g·cm-3) | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.425 | 4.3 | 0.029 | 0 | 1.25 | 15 | 500 |
| Type | Solid content (mass fraction)/% | Ash content (mass fraction)/% | Apparent density/ (g·L-1) | Appearance | Particle size/mm | Glass transition temperature/℃ | Stabilization system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wacker 5044N | 99±1 | 10±2 | 490±50 | White powder | 0.4 | 0 | Polyvinyl alcohol |
表3 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物可分散乳胶粉的性能指标
Table 3 Main performance indicators of EVA
| Type | Solid content (mass fraction)/% | Ash content (mass fraction)/% | Apparent density/ (g·L-1) | Appearance | Particle size/mm | Glass transition temperature/℃ | Stabilization system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wacker 5044N | 99±1 | 10±2 | 490±50 | White powder | 0.4 | 0 | Polyvinyl alcohol |
| Number of layers | Particle size/µm | Concentration/(mg·mL-1) | Solvent | Preparation method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1~6 | 0.5~5.0 | 5 | Water | Hummers-sonication |
表4 氧化石墨烯分散液的主要性能指标
Table 4 Main performance indicators of GO dispersion solution
| Number of layers | Particle size/µm | Concentration/(mg·mL-1) | Solvent | Preparation method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1~6 | 0.5~5.0 | 5 | Water | Hummers-sonication |
| Factor level | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 4 | 5 | 0.03 |
| 3 | 6 | 10 | 0.05 |
表5 正交试验因素与因素水平 (%)
Table 5 Orthogonal experiment factor and level
| Factor level | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 4 | 5 | 0.03 |
| 3 | 6 | 10 | 0.05 |
| No. | OPC | SAC | FA | QS | EVA | RP | GO | W | Sup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPRM1 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM2 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 18 | 54 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM3 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 18 | 108 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM4 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 36 | 0 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM5 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 36 | 54 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM6 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 36 | 108 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM7 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 54 | 0 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM8 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 54 | 54 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM9 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 54 | 108 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
表6 正交试验设计纳米材料/聚合物/橡胶三元改性水泥基修补材料配合比 (kg·m-3)
Table 6 Orthogonal experimental design of mix proportion for NPRM
| No. | OPC | SAC | FA | QS | EVA | RP | GO | W | Sup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPRM1 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM2 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 18 | 54 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM3 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 18 | 108 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM4 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 36 | 0 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM5 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 36 | 54 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM6 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 36 | 108 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM7 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 080 | 54 | 0 | 0.27 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM8 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 1 026 | 54 | 54 | 0 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| NPRM9 | 720 | 180 | 112.5 | 972 | 54 | 108 | 0.45 | 303.75 | 16.2 |
| ROVA result | Flowability/mm | Setting time/min | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | ti | tf | |||||
| A | B | C | A | B | C | ||||
| K1 | 504.00 | 622.50 | 586.50 | 159.00 | 234.00 | 259.00 | 263.00 | 326.00 | 382.00 |
| K2 | 568.00 | 554.50 | 557.50 | 259.00 | 254.00 | 247.00 | 363.00 | 361.00 | 358.00 |
| K3 | 585.00 | 480.00 | 513.00 | 334.00 | 264.00 | 246.00 | 470.00 | 409.00 | 356.00 |
| k1 | 168.00 | 207.50 | 195.50 | 53.00 | 78.00 | 86.33 | 87.67 | 108.67 | 127.33 |
| k2 | 189.33 | 184.83 | 185.83 | 86.33 | 84.67 | 82.33 | 121.00 | 120.33 | 119.33 |
| k3 | 195.00 | 160.00 | 171.00 | 111.33 | 88.00 | 82.00 | 156.67 | 136.33 | 118.67 |
| R | 27.00 | 47.50 | 24.50 | 58.33 | 3.33 | 4.33 | 69.00 | 16.00 | 8.67 |
| Order | B>A>C | A>B>C | A>B>C | ||||||
表7 NPRM工作性能极差分析结果
Table 7 Range analysis results of workability of NPRM
| ROVA result | Flowability/mm | Setting time/min | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | ti | tf | |||||
| A | B | C | A | B | C | ||||
| K1 | 504.00 | 622.50 | 586.50 | 159.00 | 234.00 | 259.00 | 263.00 | 326.00 | 382.00 |
| K2 | 568.00 | 554.50 | 557.50 | 259.00 | 254.00 | 247.00 | 363.00 | 361.00 | 358.00 |
| K3 | 585.00 | 480.00 | 513.00 | 334.00 | 264.00 | 246.00 | 470.00 | 409.00 | 356.00 |
| k1 | 168.00 | 207.50 | 195.50 | 53.00 | 78.00 | 86.33 | 87.67 | 108.67 | 127.33 |
| k2 | 189.33 | 184.83 | 185.83 | 86.33 | 84.67 | 82.33 | 121.00 | 120.33 | 119.33 |
| k3 | 195.00 | 160.00 | 171.00 | 111.33 | 88.00 | 82.00 | 156.67 | 136.33 | 118.67 |
| R | 27.00 | 47.50 | 24.50 | 58.33 | 3.33 | 4.33 | 69.00 | 16.00 | 8.67 |
| Order | B>A>C | A>B>C | A>B>C | ||||||
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowability | A | 1 216.222 | 2 | 608.111 | 34.047 | 0.028 5** | |
| B | 3 386.722 | 2 | 1 693.361 | 94.807 | 0.010 4* | ||
| C | 913.722 | 2 | 456.861 | 25.578 | 0.037 6** | ||
| Error | 35.722 | 2 | 17.861 | — | — | ||
| SST | 5 552.389 | — | — | — | — | ||
| Setting time | ti | A | 5 138.889 | 2 | 2 569.444 | 745.968 | 0.001*** |
| B | 155.556 | 2 | 77.778 | 22.581 | 0.042** | ||
| C | 34.889 | 2 | 17.444 | 5.065 | 0.165 | ||
| Error | 6.889 | 2 | 3.444 | — | — | ||
| SST | 5 336.222 | — | — | — | — | ||
| tf | A | 7 144.222 | 2 | 3 572.111 | 353.286 | 0.003*** | |
| B | 1 157.556 | 2 | 578.778 | 57.242 | 0.017** | ||
| C | 139.556 | 2 | 69.778 | 6.901 | 0.127 | ||
| Error | 20.222 | 2 | 10.111 | — | — | ||
| SST | 8 461.556 | — | — | — | — | ||
表8 NPRM工作性能方差分析结果
Table 8 Variance analysis results of workability of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowability | A | 1 216.222 | 2 | 608.111 | 34.047 | 0.028 5** | |
| B | 3 386.722 | 2 | 1 693.361 | 94.807 | 0.010 4* | ||
| C | 913.722 | 2 | 456.861 | 25.578 | 0.037 6** | ||
| Error | 35.722 | 2 | 17.861 | — | — | ||
| SST | 5 552.389 | — | — | — | — | ||
| Setting time | ti | A | 5 138.889 | 2 | 2 569.444 | 745.968 | 0.001*** |
| B | 155.556 | 2 | 77.778 | 22.581 | 0.042** | ||
| C | 34.889 | 2 | 17.444 | 5.065 | 0.165 | ||
| Error | 6.889 | 2 | 3.444 | — | — | ||
| SST | 5 336.222 | — | — | — | — | ||
| tf | A | 7 144.222 | 2 | 3 572.111 | 353.286 | 0.003*** | |
| B | 1 157.556 | 2 | 578.778 | 57.242 | 0.017** | ||
| C | 139.556 | 2 | 69.778 | 6.901 | 0.127 | ||
| Error | 20.222 | 2 | 10.111 | — | — | ||
| SST | 8 461.556 | — | — | — | — | ||
| ROVA result | ft3 d/MPa | ft28 d/MPa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | A | B | C | |
| K1 | 20.24 | 22.53 | 19.34 | 31.17 | 33.77 | 31.33 |
| K2 | 19.79 | 19.71 | 19.55 | 32.40 | 32.34 | 31.91 |
| K3 | 19.16 | 16.95 | 20.30 | 32.43 | 29.90 | 32.76 |
| k1 | 6.75 | 7.51 | 6.45 | 10.39 | 11.26 | 10.44 |
| k2 | 6.60 | 6.57 | 6.52 | 10.80 | 10.78 | 10.64 |
| k3 | 6.39 | 5.65 | 6.77 | 10.81 | 9.97 | 10.92 |
| R | 0.36 | 1.86 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 1.29 | 0.48 |
| Order | B>A>C | B>C>A | ||||
表9 NPRM抗折强度极差分析结果
Table 9 Range analysis results of flexural strength of NPRM
| ROVA result | ft3 d/MPa | ft28 d/MPa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | A | B | C | |
| K1 | 20.24 | 22.53 | 19.34 | 31.17 | 33.77 | 31.33 |
| K2 | 19.79 | 19.71 | 19.55 | 32.40 | 32.34 | 31.91 |
| K3 | 19.16 | 16.95 | 20.30 | 32.43 | 29.90 | 32.76 |
| k1 | 6.75 | 7.51 | 6.45 | 10.39 | 11.26 | 10.44 |
| k2 | 6.60 | 6.57 | 6.52 | 10.80 | 10.78 | 10.64 |
| k3 | 6.39 | 5.65 | 6.77 | 10.81 | 9.97 | 10.92 |
| R | 0.36 | 1.86 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 1.29 | 0.48 |
| Order | B>A>C | B>C>A | ||||
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft3 d | A | 0.196 | 2 | 0.098 | 1.245 | 0.445 |
| B | 5.196 | 2 | 2.598 | 33.008 | 0.029** | |
| C | 0.167 | 2 | 0.084 | 1.063 | 0.485 | |
| Error | 0.157 | 2 | 0.079 | — | — | |
| SST | 5.716 | — | — | — | — | |
| ft28 d | A | 0.346 | 2 | 0.173 | 2.767 | 0.265 |
| B | 2.549 | 2 | 1.274 | 20.355 | 0.047** | |
| C | 0.346 | 2 | 0.173 | 2.766 | 0.266 | |
| Error | 0.125 | 2 | 0.063 | — | — | |
| SST | 3.367 | — | — | — | — |
表10 NPRM抗折强度方差分析结果
Table 10 Variance analysis results of flexural strength of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ft3 d | A | 0.196 | 2 | 0.098 | 1.245 | 0.445 |
| B | 5.196 | 2 | 2.598 | 33.008 | 0.029** | |
| C | 0.167 | 2 | 0.084 | 1.063 | 0.485 | |
| Error | 0.157 | 2 | 0.079 | — | — | |
| SST | 5.716 | — | — | — | — | |
| ft28 d | A | 0.346 | 2 | 0.173 | 2.767 | 0.265 |
| B | 2.549 | 2 | 1.274 | 20.355 | 0.047** | |
| C | 0.346 | 2 | 0.173 | 2.766 | 0.266 | |
| Error | 0.125 | 2 | 0.063 | — | — | |
| SST | 3.367 | — | — | — | — |
| ROVA result | fc3 d/MPa | fc28 d/MPa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | A | B | C | |
| K1 | 77.28 | 79.83 | 70.24 | 119.94 | 125.18 | 111.08 |
| K2 | 74.32 | 68.70 | 71.64 | 108.11 | 105.45 | 111.14 |
| K3 | 61.59 | 64.66 | 71.31 | 107.94 | 105.36 | 113.77 |
| k1 | 25.76 | 26.61 | 23.41 | 39.98 | 41.73 | 37.03 |
| k2 | 24.77 | 22.90 | 23.88 | 36.04 | 35.15 | 37.05 |
| k3 | 20.53 | 21.55 | 23.77 | 35.98 | 35.12 | 37.92 |
| R | 5.23 | 5.06 | 0.35 | 4.00 | 6.58 | 0.90 |
| Order | B>A>C | B>A>C | ||||
表11 NPRM抗压强度极差分析结果
Table 11 Range analysis results of compressive strength of NPRM
| ROVA result | fc3 d/MPa | fc28 d/MPa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | A | B | C | |
| K1 | 77.28 | 79.83 | 70.24 | 119.94 | 125.18 | 111.08 |
| K2 | 74.32 | 68.70 | 71.64 | 108.11 | 105.45 | 111.14 |
| K3 | 61.59 | 64.66 | 71.31 | 107.94 | 105.36 | 113.77 |
| k1 | 25.76 | 26.61 | 23.41 | 39.98 | 41.73 | 37.03 |
| k2 | 24.77 | 22.90 | 23.88 | 36.04 | 35.15 | 37.05 |
| k3 | 20.53 | 21.55 | 23.77 | 35.98 | 35.12 | 37.92 |
| R | 5.23 | 5.06 | 0.35 | 4.00 | 6.58 | 0.90 |
| Order | B>A>C | B>A>C | ||||
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fc3 d | A | 46.318 | 2 | 23.159 | 494.132 | 0.002*** |
| B | 41.167 | 2 | 20.583 | 439.181 | 0.002*** | |
| C | 0.356 | 2 | 0.178 | 3.798 | 0.208 | |
| Error | 0.094 | 2 | 0.047 | — | — | |
| SST | 87.935 | — | — | — | — | |
| fc28 d | A | 31.518 | 2 | 15.759 | 9.798 | 0.093* |
| B | 86.931 | 2 | 43.465 | 27.024 | 0.036** | |
| C | 1.577 | 2 | 0.789 | 0.490 | 0.671 | |
| Error | 3.217 | 2 | 1.608 | — | — | |
| SST | 123.242 | — | — | — | — |
表12 NPRM抗压强度方差分析结果
Table 12 Variance analysis results of compressive strength of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Factor | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fc3 d | A | 46.318 | 2 | 23.159 | 494.132 | 0.002*** |
| B | 41.167 | 2 | 20.583 | 439.181 | 0.002*** | |
| C | 0.356 | 2 | 0.178 | 3.798 | 0.208 | |
| Error | 0.094 | 2 | 0.047 | — | — | |
| SST | 87.935 | — | — | — | — | |
| fc28 d | A | 31.518 | 2 | 15.759 | 9.798 | 0.093* |
| B | 86.931 | 2 | 43.465 | 27.024 | 0.036** | |
| C | 1.577 | 2 | 0.789 | 0.490 | 0.671 | |
| Error | 3.217 | 2 | 1.608 | — | — | |
| SST | 123.242 | — | — | — | — |
| ROVA result | ft/fc | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |
| K1 | 0.782 4 | 0.811 9 | 0.860 5 |
| K2 | 0.901 4 | 0.924 5 | 0.864 0 |
| K3 | 0.905 5 | 0.852 9 | 0.864 8 |
| k1 | 0.260 8 | 0.270 6 | 0.286 8 |
| k2 | 0.300 5 | 0.308 2 | 0.288 0 |
| k3 | 0.301 8 | 0.284 3 | 0.288 3 |
| R | 0.041 0 | 0.037 5 | 0.001 5 |
| Order | B>A>C | ||
表13 NPRM折压比极差分析结果
Table 13 Range analysis results of ft/fc of NPRM
| ROVA result | ft/fc | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |
| K1 | 0.782 4 | 0.811 9 | 0.860 5 |
| K2 | 0.901 4 | 0.924 5 | 0.864 0 |
| K3 | 0.905 5 | 0.852 9 | 0.864 8 |
| k1 | 0.260 8 | 0.270 6 | 0.286 8 |
| k2 | 0.300 5 | 0.308 2 | 0.288 0 |
| k3 | 0.301 8 | 0.284 3 | 0.288 3 |
| R | 0.041 0 | 0.037 5 | 0.001 5 |
| Order | B>A>C | ||
| ANOVA result | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.003 259 | 2 | 0.001 629 | 80.717 242 | 0.012 237** |
| B | 0.002 164 | 2 | 0.001 082 | 53.589 037 | 0.018 319** |
| C | 0.000 004 | 2 | 0.000 002 | 0.089 593 | 0.917 773 |
| Error | 0.000 040 | 2 | 0.000 020 | — | — |
| SST | 0.005 466 | — | — | — | — |
表14 NPRM折压比方差分析结果
Table 14 Variance analysis results of ft/fc of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 0.003 259 | 2 | 0.001 629 | 80.717 242 | 0.012 237** |
| B | 0.002 164 | 2 | 0.001 082 | 53.589 037 | 0.018 319** |
| C | 0.000 004 | 2 | 0.000 002 | 0.089 593 | 0.917 773 |
| Error | 0.000 040 | 2 | 0.000 020 | — | — |
| SST | 0.005 466 | — | — | — | — |
| ROVA result | fb/MPa | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |
| K1 | 11.39 | 17.18 | 14.48 |
| K2 | 15.72 | 15.04 | 16.10 |
| K3 | 18.31 | 13.20 | 14.84 |
| k1 | 3.80 | 5.73 | 4.83 |
| k2 | 5.24 | 5.01 | 5.37 |
| k3 | 6.10 | 4.40 | 4.95 |
| R | 2.30 | 1.33 | 0.54 |
| Order | A>B>C | ||
表15 NPRM弯拉粘结强度极差分析结果
Table 15 Range analysis results of flexural tensile bond strength of NPRM
| ROVA result | fb/MPa | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |
| K1 | 11.39 | 17.18 | 14.48 |
| K2 | 15.72 | 15.04 | 16.10 |
| K3 | 18.31 | 13.20 | 14.84 |
| k1 | 3.80 | 5.73 | 4.83 |
| k2 | 5.24 | 5.01 | 5.37 |
| k3 | 6.10 | 4.40 | 4.95 |
| R | 2.30 | 1.33 | 0.54 |
| Order | A>B>C | ||
图9 NPRM新旧砂浆界面结合处典型形貌特征示意图与SEM照片
Fig.9 Illustration diagram and SEM image for typical morphological characteristics of old/new mortar interface bond of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 8.135 | 2 | 4.068 | 56.604 | 0.017** |
| B | 2.650 | 2 | 1.325 | 18.436 | 0.051* |
| C | 0.478 | 2 | 0.239 | 3.327 | 0.231 |
| Error | 0.144 | 2 | 0.072 | — | — |
| SST | 11.407 | — | — | — | — |
表16 NPRM弯拉粘结强度方差分析结果
Table 16 Variance analysis results of flexural tensile bond strength of NPRM
| ANOVA result | Sum of squares | Degree of freedom | MS | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 8.135 | 2 | 4.068 | 56.604 | 0.017** |
| B | 2.650 | 2 | 1.325 | 18.436 | 0.051* |
| C | 0.478 | 2 | 0.239 | 3.327 | 0.231 |
| Error | 0.144 | 2 | 0.072 | — | — |
| SST | 11.407 | — | — | — | — |
| ROVA and ANOVA result | Factor | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | ||
| 7 d | R | 4.762 | 48.571 | 10.476 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.342 | 0.005*** | 0.089* | |
| 14 d | R | 3.810 | 53.750 | 15.000 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.756 | 0.015* | 0.168 | |
| 21 d | R | 4.524 | 59.429 | 15.714 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.447 | 0.010** | 0.136 | |
| 28 d | R | 9.524 | 55.844 | 16.017 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.204 | 0.007** | 0.079* | |
| 56 d | R | 9.524 | 70.051 | 13.503 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.273 | 0.007** | 0.150 | |
| 90 d | R | 9.524 | 72.762 | 13.683 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.241 | 0.005*** | 0.106 | |
表17 NPRM干燥收缩性能极差及方差分析结果
Table 17 Range and variance analysis results of drying shrinkage of NPRM
| ROVA and ANOVA result | Factor | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | ||
| 7 d | R | 4.762 | 48.571 | 10.476 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.342 | 0.005*** | 0.089* | |
| 14 d | R | 3.810 | 53.750 | 15.000 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.756 | 0.015* | 0.168 | |
| 21 d | R | 4.524 | 59.429 | 15.714 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.447 | 0.010** | 0.136 | |
| 28 d | R | 9.524 | 55.844 | 16.017 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.204 | 0.007** | 0.079* | |
| 56 d | R | 9.524 | 70.051 | 13.503 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.273 | 0.007** | 0.150 | |
| 90 d | R | 9.524 | 72.762 | 13.683 |
| Order | B>C>A | |||
| P | 0.241 | 0.005*** | 0.106 | |
| Index | Workability | ft | fc | ft/fc | fb | εt | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 d | 28 d | 3 d | 28 d | |||||
| Weight | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
表18 NPRM各性能的等级评分指标权重
Table 18 Weights of rating indicators for each performance of NPRM
| Index | Workability | ft | fc | ft/fc | fb | εt | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 d | 28 d | 3 d | 28 d | |||||
| Weight | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Property index | A | B | C | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal | F | P | Optimal | F | P | Optimal | F | P | ||
| Flowability | 3 | 34.05 | ** | 1 | 94.81 | ** | 1 | 25.58 | ** | |
| Setting time | ti | 1 | 745.97 | *** | 1 | 22.58 | ** | 3 | 5.07 | — |
| tf | 1 | 353.29 | *** | 1 | 57.24 | ** | 3 | 6.90 | — | |
| ft | 3 d | 1 | 1.25 | — | 1 | 33.01 | ** | 3 | 1.06 | — |
| 28 d | 3 | 2.77 | — | 1 | 20.36 | ** | 3 | 2.77 | — | |
| fc | 3 d | 1 | 494.13 | *** | 1 | 439.18 | *** | 2 | 3.80 | — |
| 28 d | 1 | 9.80 | * | 1 | 27.02 | ** | 3 | 0.49 | — | |
| ft/fc | 3 | 80.72 | ** | 2 | 53.59 | ** | 3 | 0.09 | — | |
| fb | 3 | 56.60 | ** | 1 | 18.44 | * | 2 | 3.33 | — | |
| εt | 7 d | 3 | 1.92 | — | 3 | 205.85 | *** | 2 | 10.23 | * |
| 14 d | 3 | 0.32 | — | 3 | 64.98 | * | 2 | 4.95 | — | |
| 21 d | 3 | 1.24 | — | 3 | 92.50 | ** | 2 | 6.38 | — | |
| 28 d | 3 | 3.90 | — | 3 | 138.29 | ** | 2 | 11.65 | * | |
| 56 d | 3 | 2.66 | — | 3 | 144.72 | ** | 2 | 5.65 | — | |
| 90 d | 3 | 3.14 | — | 3 | 194.36 | *** | 2 | 8.45 | — | |
表19 各因素对NPRM不同性能的显著性程度
Table 19 Significance levels of each factor on different performances of NPRM
| Property index | A | B | C | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal | F | P | Optimal | F | P | Optimal | F | P | ||
| Flowability | 3 | 34.05 | ** | 1 | 94.81 | ** | 1 | 25.58 | ** | |
| Setting time | ti | 1 | 745.97 | *** | 1 | 22.58 | ** | 3 | 5.07 | — |
| tf | 1 | 353.29 | *** | 1 | 57.24 | ** | 3 | 6.90 | — | |
| ft | 3 d | 1 | 1.25 | — | 1 | 33.01 | ** | 3 | 1.06 | — |
| 28 d | 3 | 2.77 | — | 1 | 20.36 | ** | 3 | 2.77 | — | |
| fc | 3 d | 1 | 494.13 | *** | 1 | 439.18 | *** | 2 | 3.80 | — |
| 28 d | 1 | 9.80 | * | 1 | 27.02 | ** | 3 | 0.49 | — | |
| ft/fc | 3 | 80.72 | ** | 2 | 53.59 | ** | 3 | 0.09 | — | |
| fb | 3 | 56.60 | ** | 1 | 18.44 | * | 2 | 3.33 | — | |
| εt | 7 d | 3 | 1.92 | — | 3 | 205.85 | *** | 2 | 10.23 | * |
| 14 d | 3 | 0.32 | — | 3 | 64.98 | * | 2 | 4.95 | — | |
| 21 d | 3 | 1.24 | — | 3 | 92.50 | ** | 2 | 6.38 | — | |
| 28 d | 3 | 3.90 | — | 3 | 138.29 | ** | 2 | 11.65 | * | |
| 56 d | 3 | 2.66 | — | 3 | 144.72 | ** | 2 | 5.65 | — | |
| 90 d | 3 | 3.14 | — | 3 | 194.36 | *** | 2 | 8.45 | — | |
| Factor | Factor level | Performance grade rating | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowability | Setting time | ft | fc | ft/fc | fb | εt | Grade | ||||
| 3 d | 28 d | 3 d | 28 d | ||||||||
| A | 1(2%) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 57 |
| 2(4%) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 80 | |
| 3(6%) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 79 | |
| B | 1(0%) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 76 |
| 2(5%) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 76 | |
| 3(10%) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 53 | |
| C | 1(0%) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 43 |
| 2(0.03%) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 78 | |
| 3(0.05%) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 62 | |
表20 各因素水平对应的NPRM各项性能的等级评分
Table 20 Grade ratings for each performance of NPRM corresponding to different factor levels
| Factor | Factor level | Performance grade rating | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowability | Setting time | ft | fc | ft/fc | fb | εt | Grade | ||||
| 3 d | 28 d | 3 d | 28 d | ||||||||
| A | 1(2%) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 57 |
| 2(4%) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 80 | |
| 3(6%) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 79 | |
| B | 1(0%) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 76 |
| 2(5%) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 76 | |
| 3(10%) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 53 | |
| C | 1(0%) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 43 |
| 2(0.03%) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 78 | |
| 3(0.05%) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 62 | |
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