硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 920-929.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1139
杨曦1(
), 赵华1, 刘永华2, 韩滨2, 何坤3, 周念希1, 马仕月2, 韩彤钰2, 周鹏1
收稿日期:2025-11-16
修订日期:2026-01-08
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-04-10
作者简介:杨 曦(1991—),女,博士,工程师。主要从事红外窗口用透明陶瓷方面的研究。E-mail:yangxibuaa@buaa.edu.cn
YANG Xi1(
), ZHAO Hua1, LIU Yonghua2, HAN Bin2, HE Kun3, ZHOU Nianxi1, MA Shiyue2, HAN Tongyu2, ZHOU Peng1
Received:2025-11-16
Revised:2026-01-08
Published:2026-03-20
Online:2026-04-10
摘要:
红外窗口作为超声速飞行器光电系统的核心部件,其极端服役环境对材料的红外透过性、热稳定性和机械强度提出了严苛要求。钙镧硫(CaLa2S4)透明陶瓷凭借宽红外透射波段(8~12 μm)、优异抗雨蚀性及力学性能,成为继氧化物陶瓷、氟化物、ZnS/ZnSe等传统红外材料后的新兴候选材料。本文首先阐述了CaLa2S4陶瓷拥有优异性能的原因,然后重点综述了国内外红外透明陶瓷CaLa2S4在粉体制备、烧结工艺及成分设计方面的研究进展,分析了热压烧结、放电等离子烧结和热等静压烧结等制备工艺对红外透明陶瓷CaLa2S4光学性能和力学性能的影响,并深入探讨了CaLa2S4陶瓷烧结过程中的硫损失问题。然而,相较国际先进水平,我国在CaLa2S4陶瓷大尺寸构件近净成形、高温硫挥发控制等方面仍存在差距。未来需集中攻克高透过率CaLa2S4透明陶瓷的规模化制备、热-力-光性能协同优化及极端环境服役验证等难题,推动CaLa2S4陶瓷在超声速飞行器领域的工程化应用。
中图分类号:
杨曦, 赵华, 刘永华, 韩滨, 何坤, 周念希, 马仕月, 韩彤钰, 周鹏. 超声速长波红外窗口用钙镧硫透明陶瓷研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(3): 920-929.
YANG Xi, ZHAO Hua, LIU Yonghua, HAN Bin, HE Kun, ZHOU Nianxi, MA Shiyue, HAN Tongyu, ZHOU Peng. Research Progress of Calcium Lanthanum Sulfide Transparent Ceramics for Supersonic Long-Wave Infrared Windows[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(3): 920-929.
图1 具有缺陷型Th3P4结构的La2S3与理想Th3P4结构CaLa2S4的晶体结构对比[2]
Fig.1 Crystal structures of La2S3 with cubic-defect Th3P4 structure and CaLa2S4 with ideal Th3P4 structure[2]
| Physical property | CaLa2S4 | ZnS |
|---|---|---|
| Peak IR transmittance/% | 68.4 (theoretical transmission at 10 μm) | Near 70 (experimental transmittance at 8~12μm) |
| Absorption coefficient at 10.6 μm/cm-1 | 0.17 | 0.3 |
| Hardness/(kg·mm-2) | 570 | 250 |
| Flexural strength/MPa | 86~106 | 60~103 |
| Water drop impact | More resistant | — |
| Thermal expansion(200~400 ℃)/(10-6 ℃-1) | 14.7 | 7.4 |
| Thermal conductivity(20 ℃)/(W·m-1·K-1) | 1.7 | 17.2 |
表1 CaLa2S4和ZnS的物理性能[2,6,9-12]
Table 1 Physical properties of CaLa2S4 and ZnS[2,6,9-12]
| Physical property | CaLa2S4 | ZnS |
|---|---|---|
| Peak IR transmittance/% | 68.4 (theoretical transmission at 10 μm) | Near 70 (experimental transmittance at 8~12μm) |
| Absorption coefficient at 10.6 μm/cm-1 | 0.17 | 0.3 |
| Hardness/(kg·mm-2) | 570 | 250 |
| Flexural strength/MPa | 86~106 | 60~103 |
| Water drop impact | More resistant | — |
| Thermal expansion(200~400 ℃)/(10-6 ℃-1) | 14.7 | 7.4 |
| Thermal conductivity(20 ℃)/(W·m-1·K-1) | 1.7 | 17.2 |
图2 湿化学法结合热分解制备CaLa2S4粉体的SEM照片(a)、TEM照片(b)及能谱(c)[22]
Fig.2 SEM image (a), TEM image (b), and energy spectrum (c) of CaLa2S4 powder synthesized via a wet chemistry method followed by thermal decomposition[22]
图4 冷压-冷等静压-热压-热等静压协同技术制备的CaLa2S4陶瓷FTIR光谱[35]
Fig.4 FTIR spectra of CaLa2S4 ceramic fabricated via cold pressing, cold isostatic pressing, hot pressing, and hot isostatic pressing synergistic technology[35]
图5 (a) ?20 mm×0.7 mm镜面抛光的NaLaS2陶瓷实物图; (b) (a)中所制备的NaLaS2陶瓷的红外透射光谱(对应曲线a)[45]
Fig.5 (a) Mirror-polished NaLaS2 ceramic with ?20 mm×0.7 mm; (b) Infrared transmittance spectra of as-prepared NaLaS2 ceramic shown in (a) which corresponding to the curve a[45]
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