掺杂型近红外屏蔽节能玻璃研究进展

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1059

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球能源危机与“双碳”目标推动节能材料向高效化、长寿命方向发展。在建筑与交通领域的能耗损失中，窗玻璃传热占比超50%，开发高性能节能玻璃成为关键。传统有膜节能玻璃（如Low-E镀膜玻璃、钨青铜（M _x WO₃）贴膜玻璃等）虽能实现近红外（NIR）屏蔽，但存在涂层易老化、附着力差、工艺复杂及成本高等局限，难以满足长期稳定应用需求。掺杂型节能玻璃通过将功能离子（如亚铁离子Fe²⁺）或功能单元（如M _x WO₃）均匀分散于玻璃基体，实现玻璃本体功能化，兼具高可见光透过、宽波段NIR强屏蔽、优异稳定性及低成本制备等优势。本文系统综述了掺杂型节能玻璃的研究进展，聚焦于Fe²⁺掺杂与M _x WO₃掺杂两类体系。最后展望了掺杂型节能玻璃的发展方向，提出需进一步优化组分设计以适配浮法生产工艺，并拓展其在汽车玻璃、建筑幕墙等多场景的应用，为高效节能玻璃的工业化应用提供参考。

关键词: 节能玻璃, 掺杂型玻璃, 钨青铜, 亚铁掺杂玻璃, 近红外屏蔽, 光学性能

Abstract:

Driven by the global energy crisis and the twin goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality， energy-saving materials are rapidly advancing toward higher efficiency and extended service life. In the building and transportation sectors， heat transfer through window glass accounts for more than 50% of total energy loss， making the development of high-performance energy-saving glass a critical priority. Conventional coated energy-saving glass， such as Low-E coated glass and tungsten bronze （M _x WO₃） film-coated glass， can effectively shield near-infrared （NIR） radiation. However， their long-term application is limited by limitations including coating degradation， poor adhesion， complex manufacturing processes， and high costs. In contrast， doped energy-saving glass achieve intrinsic functionalization by uniformly incorporating functional ions （Fe²⁺） or functional units （M _x WO₃） into the glass matrix. These materials simultaneously exhibit high visible-light transmittance， broadband NIR shielding， excellent durability， and cost-effective manufacturability. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in doped energy-saving glass， with a particular focus on two major systems： Fe²⁺-doped glass and M _x WO₃-doped glass. Finally， future research directions are discussed， emphasizing the need for further compositional optimization to ensure compatibility with float glass manufacturing processes and to enable broader application scenarios， such as automotive glass and architectural curtain walls. Overall， this work provides valuable insights and references for the industrial application of high-efficiency energy-saving glass.

Key words: energy-saving glass, doped glass, tungsten bronze, Fe²⁺-doped glass, NIR shielding, optical performance

中图分类号:

O621.22

杨光, 李江源, 周岱琪, 张萌, 高彦峰. 掺杂型近红外屏蔽节能玻璃研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(3): 911-919.

YANG Guang, LI Jiangyuan, ZHOU Daiqi, ZHANG Meng, GAO Yanfeng. Research Progress of Doped Near-Infrared Shielding Energy-Saving Glass[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(3): 911-919.

图/表 5

图1 不同含量WO x 样品的UV-Vis-NIR透过光谱、XRD谱，以及6WO-R玻璃陶瓷的XRD谱［15］

Fig.1 UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectra and XRD patterns of samples with different WO x content， and XRD pattern of 6WO-R glass-ceramics［15］

图2 LiF、NaF和KF体系样品的UV-Vis-NIR透过光谱和W 4f XPS谱［18］

Fig.2 UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectra and W 4f XPS spectra of samples in LiF， NaF， and KF systems［18］

图3 不同Sb2O3含量玻璃的透过光谱、部分对应玻璃陶瓷的XRD谱及部分玻璃的XRD谱和W5+/W6+摩尔比

Fig.3 UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectra of glass with different Sb2O3 content， XRD patterns of partial corresponding glass-ceramics， XRD patterns and W5+/W6+ molar ratio of some glass

图4 不同含量H2WO4样品的UV-Vis-NIR透过光谱及W5+/W6+摩尔比［30］

Fig.4 UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectra and W5+/W6+ molar ratios of samples with different H2WO4 content［30］

图5 不同P2O5含量及不同碱金属种类的Fe2+掺杂玻璃样品的UV-Vis-NIR透过光谱及照片［12-13］

Fig.5 UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectra and sample photographs of Fe2+-doped glass with different P2O5 content and alkali metal types［12-13］

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