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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 404-412.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0698

• 水泥混凝土 • 上一篇    下一篇

微波辅助法合成马来酸二甲酯聚羧酸减水剂的工艺优化及作用机制研究

王天依1(), 古悦2, 孙睿3, 王栋民3()   

  1. 1.中国硅酸盐学会,北京 100831
    2.天津市建筑材料科学研究院有限公司,天津 300381
    3.中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-17 修订日期:2025-10-14 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-09
  • 通信作者: 王栋民,博士,教授。E-mail:wangdongmin@cumtb.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王天依(1995—),女。主要从事高分子材料合成及混凝土外加剂制备技术的研究。E-mail:wangty_ccs@163.com

Process Optimization and Action Mechanism of Dimethyl Maleate Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Synthesized by Microwave-Assisted Method

WANG Tianyi1(), GU Yue2, SUN Rui3, WANG Dongmin3()   

  1. 1. The Chinese Ceramic Society,Beijing 100831,China
    2. Tianjin Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research,Tianjin 300381,China
    3. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2025-07-17 Revised:2025-10-14 Published:2026-02-20 Online:2026-03-09

摘要:

以端烯基烷撑聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚和马来酸二甲酯等为原料,分别采用微波辅助法和常规水浴法合成聚羧酸减水剂(PCE)。以PCE分散性能为主要评价指标,通过单因素试验确定了原料的最优配比及工艺条件。结果表明,微波辅助法可大幅缩短反应时间,表现出更优异的反应效率;对比常规水浴法,微波辅助法能够显著改善PCE的分散性能及经时保持能力。红外光谱分析表明,两种合成方法所得产物具有相同的分子结构;吸附等温线拟合结果显示,两种方法合成的PCE在水泥颗粒表面的吸附行为均符合Langmuir单分子层吸附模型,且微波辅助法合成的PCE具有更强的吸附能力。微波辅助法合成的PCE能显著延缓水泥水化进程,且提高PCE掺量能有效降低水泥的水化总放热量。

关键词: 马来酸二甲酯, 减水剂, 微波合成, 分散性能, 吸附机理, 水化热

Abstract:

Polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) was synthesized by microwave-assisted method and conventional water bath method using terminal alkenyl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether and dimethyl maleate as raw materials. Taking the dispersion performance of PCE as the main evaluation index, the optimal ratio of raw materials and process conditions were determined by single factor experiment. The results show that the microwave-assisted method can greatly shorten the reaction time and show better reaction efficiency. Compared with conventional water bath method, microwave-assisted method can significantly improve the dispersion performance and time retention ability of PCE. The infrared spectrum analysis show that the products obtained by the two synthesis methods have the same molecular structure. The adsorption isotherm fitting results show that the adsorption behavior of PCE synthesized by two methods on the surface of cement particles conforms to the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model, and the PCE synthesized by microwave-assisted method has stronger adsorption capacity. PCE synthesized by microwave-assisted method has a significant effect on delaying the hydration process of cement, and increasing the dosage of PCE can effectively reduce the total hydration heat of cement.

Key words: dimethyl maleate, water-reducing agent, microwave synthesis, dispersion performance, adsorption mechanism, hydration heat

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