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BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 2129-2140.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1214

• Ceramics • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation of Iron Oxide Red from Hydrochloric Acid-Based Titanium White Wastewater and Its Application in Black Ceramic Pigments

DUAN Ning1,2(), ZHANG Fan1,2, LU Chenglong3,4(), ZHANG Yinfeng4, LI Lichi1,2   

  1. 1.School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China
    2.Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China
    3.Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation,Hubei Polytechnic University,Huangshi 435003,China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China
  • Received:2025-12-03 Revised:2026-01-08 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-07-14
  • Contact: LU Chenglong

Abstract:

Titanium white wastewater from the hydrochloric acid route contains abundant ferrous chloride, which can be recovered for resource utilization. This study adopted a purification-oxidation-calcination process to prepare iron oxide red from the waste acid, which was subsequently used as an iron source to synthesize a Fe-Cr black ceramic pigment applied in black ceramics. The effects of reactant molar ratio, initial Fe2? concentration, aeration rate, and oxidation temperature on the preparation of iron oxide yellow were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of calcination temperature on the formation of iron oxide red, the Fe-Cr black pigment, and the coloring performance of the ceramics was examined. The results show that purified ferrous chloride solution, under optimal conditions (molar ratio 2.4∶1, Fe2+ concentration 0.5 mol/L, aeration rate 1.5 L/min, oxidation temperature 40 ℃), yields iron oxide yellow, which after calcination at 750 ℃ produces iron oxide red with a purity of 98.384%, a median particle size of 3.575 μm, and CIELAB color parameters L*=38, a*=24.8, b*=21.5. Using this as raw material, the Fe-Cr black pigment synthesized at 1 250 ℃ exhibits optimal coloring performance in ceramics, presenting a pure black appearance with L* =36.54, a* =1.05, b* =0.86, matching standard reference values closely. This work demonstrates a high-value conversion route for titanium white wastewater, offering both economic and environmental benefits.

Key words: hydrochloric acid-based titanium white wastewater, ferrous chloride, iron oxide red, Fe-Cr-based black ceramic pigment, black ceramic, air oxidation process

CLC Number: