Preparation of New Lightweight Ceramic Bricks Based on Silt and Carbide Slag

Abstract

Abstract: In order to realize the efficient resource utilization of silt and carbide slag, the optimal process for preparing lightweight ceramic bricks was explored by using silt and carbide slag as the main raw materials and compressive strength as the main index. The effects of raw material mix ratio, calcination temperature and holding time on the compressive strength of lightweight ceramic bricks were discussed by single factor experiment, and the optimum experimental conditions were obtained. The reaction process and mechanism of preparing lightweight ceramic bricks were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that when the content of silt is 90%(mass fraction), the content of carbide slag is 10% (mass fraction), the calcination temperature is 1 100 ℃, the holding time is 40 min, and the heating rate is 4 ℃/min, the prepared lightweight ceramic bricks have the best performance. The compressive strength can reach 25.94 MPa, while taking into account the low density characteristics of lightweight ceramic bricks. Halloysite is converted into quartz during the heating process. Quartz can promote the raw material to become liquid phase under high temperature conditions, which is the reason why the product is densified. This study provides a new idea for the comprehensive utilization of two kinds of bulk solid waste, which is beneficial to reduce the harm of solid waste storage to the environment and the dependence on natural resources in the preparation process of traditional ceramic bricks.

Key words: silt, carbide slag, ceramic brick, calcination, compressive strength, volume density

CLC Number:

X758

CAO Dan, SHEN Ding, YAO Shunyu, DING Zhiyao, HUANG Ziyu, LI Mengqi, HUANG Muyang, BAO Shenxu. Preparation of New Lightweight Ceramic Bricks Based on Silt and Carbide Slag[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(7): 2595-2601.

References

[1] 苑飞. 利用河道淤泥制造保温砖的研究进展与现状[J]. 砖瓦, 2016(8): 47-49.
YUAN F. Research progress and status of thermal insulating bricks made by river silt[J]. Block-Brick-Tile, 2016(8): 47-49 (in Chinese).
[2] 唐雨卉, 程润喜, 徐杨. 河湖生态清淤及淤泥固化一体化技术应用研究[J]. 广西水利水电, 2023(5): 58-62.
TANG Y H, CHENG R X, XU Y. Research on the application of integrated technology for ecological dredging and sludge solidification in rivers and lakes[J]. Guangxi Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering, 2023(5): 58-62 (in Chinese).
[3] BAI F Y, SONG H Y, CAO L, et al. Research on the technique of utilizing river sludge as road fill[C]//Sustainable Transportation Systems. Chongqing, China. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012(5): 532-540.
[4] 骆艳玲. 淤泥固化土应用在市政道路中的性能及影响因素研究[J]. 建筑施工, 2017, 39(4): 550-553.
LUO Y L. Study on performance and impact factors of silt stabilized soil applied to municipal road[J]. Building Construction, 2017, 39(4): 550-553 (in Chinese).
[5] 柯睿, 谈云志, 吴军, 等. 富含有机质淤泥烧结陶粒的评估[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2018, 37(8): 2405-2410.
KE R, TAN Y Z, WU J, et al. Evaluation of sintered ceramsite with rich organic matter silt[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2018, 37(8): 2405-2410 (in Chinese).
[6] 郝敬团, 姜旭峰, 杨宏伟, 等. 电石渣的应用现状与研究进展[J]. 广州化工, 2013, 41(8): 45-46+122.
HAO J T, JIANG X F, YANG H W, et al. Research progress and application of carbide slag[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry, 2013, 41(8): 45-46+122 (in Chinese).
[7] 胡迪飞, 毛明春, 刘学炎, 等. 工业电石渣在新疆地区的资源化应用现状及前景[J]. 环境工程, 2023, 41(增刊1): 420-424.
HU D F, MAO M C, LIU X Y, et al. Present situation and prospect of industrial carbide slag resource application in Xinjiang[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2023, 41(supplement 1): 420-424 (in Chinese).
[8] 程卫国. 受电石渣污染土壤的适宜改良剂研究[J]. 科技创新导报, 2020, 17(15): 138-140+142.
CHENG W G. Study on suitable modifiers for soil contaminated by carbide slag[J]. Science and Technology Innovation Herald, 2020, 17(15): 138-140+142 (in Chinese).
[9] 张钧羿. 污泥砖烧结制度及其性能和环境安全性研究[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳大学, 2022.
ZHANG J Y. Study on sintering system of sludge brick andits performance and environmental safety[D]. Shenyang: Shenyang University, 2022 (in Chinese).
[10] 郭印, 徐日庆, 邵允铖. 淤泥质土的固化机理研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2008, 42(6): 1071-1075.
GUO Y, XU R Q, SHAO Y C. Study on mechanism of muddy soil stabilization[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2008, 42(6): 1071-1075 (in Chinese).
[11] 秦晋一, 封硕, 方姣, 等. 二氧化硅对污泥烧结陶粒结构强度和孔隙率的影响[J]. 新型建筑材料, 2019, 46(9): 117-122.
QIN J Y, FENG S, FANG J, et al. Effect of SiO₂ on structural strength and porosity of sludge sintered ceramsite[J]. New Building Materials, 2019, 46(9): 117-122 (in Chinese).
[12] 刘明伟, 刘芳. 二氧化硅含量对污泥底泥制备陶粒性能的影响研究[J]. 东北电力大学学报, 2016, 36(3): 86-90.
LIU M W, LIU F. Effect of SiO₂ on the characteristics of lightweight aggregate made from sewage sludge and river sediment[J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University, 2016, 36(3): 86-90 (in Chinese).
[13] 李雪刚. 杭州海相软土的固化及其理论研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2013.
LI X G. Theoretical study on stabilization of marine soft clay in Hangzhou[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2013 (in Chinese).
[14] 郭夙琛, 阮德明, 邹辉煌, 等. 污泥和石英尾矿制备建材陶粒的烧结温度研究[J]. 煤炭与化工, 2015, 38(1): 94-96+148.
GUO S C, RUAN D M, ZOU H H, et al. Sintering temperature research in preparation of building material ceramisite from sewage and quartz tailing[J]. Coal and Chemical Industry, 2015, 38(1): 94-96+148 (in Chinese).
[15] 贺晓梅, 段旭晨, 郭伟, 等. 高掺量煤矸石制备烧结透水砖的试验研究[J]. 陶瓷, 2023(3): 17-20.
HE X M, DUAN X C, GUO W, et al. Experimental study on preparation of sintered permeable brick with high coal gangue content[J]. Ceramics, 2023(3): 17-20 (in Chinese).
[16] 魏昶, 时亮, 樊刚, 等. 影响烧制石煤渣陶粒的几个因素探讨[J]. 材料导报, 2010, 24(10): 105-107.
WEI C, SHI L, FAN G, et al. The discussion of effects factors of fired ceramics with stone coal residue[J]. Materials Review, 2010, 24(10): 105-107 (in Chinese).
[17] 史伟超, 戚栋, 赵轶, 等. 偏高岭土对模拟商混站强碱性废泥基人造石强度的影响[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(6): 2024-2030+2038.
SHI W C, QI D, ZHAO Y, et al. Influence of metakaolin on strength of strong alkaline waste mud-based artificial stone in simulated commercial concrete mixing plants[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(6): 2024-2030+2038 (in Chinese).
[18] 莫宗云, 马腾飞, 王大光. 偏高岭土活性研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2017, 36(1): 110-115+133.
MO Z Y, MA T F, WANG D G. Research progress on activity of metakaolin[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2017, 36(1): 110-115+133 (in Chinese).
[19] 王洪阳, 张晓雪, 宋少先. 高岭石与氧化铁还原焙烧过程中二氧化硅固溶体的形成机理[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2021, 31(3): 756-764.
WANG H Y, ZHANG X X, SONG S X. Formation mechanism of silica solid solution during reduction roasting of kaolinite and ferric oxide[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2021, 31(3): 756-764 (in Chinese).
[20] 范昭平, 朱伟, 张春雷. 有机质含量对淤泥固化效果影响的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2005, 26(8): 1327-1330+1334.
FAN Z P, ZHU W, ZHANG C L. Experimental study on influence of organic matter content on solidified dredging[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2005, 26(8): 1327-1330+1334 (in Chinese).
[21] 黎梦珂, 包申旭, 张一敏, 等. 燃煤渣基地聚物的制备及热活化效果[J/OL]. 土木与环境工程学报(中英文), 2023: 1-8 (2023-10-18)[2023-12-10]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/50.1218.TU.20231018.0902.003.html.
LI M K, BAO S X, ZHANG Y M, et al. Research on preparation and thermal activation effect of geopolymers based on burnt coal cinder[J/OL]. Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2023: 1-8 (2023-10-18)[2023-12-10]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/50.1218.TU.20231018.0902.003.html (in Chinese).
[22] 王治飞, 李宇. 协同利用提锌二次窑渣和疏浚泥制备陶瓷的工艺优化[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2023, 35(2): 210-218.
WANG Z F, LI Y. Optimization of synergistic preparation process of ceramics from zinc extraction secondary kiln slag and dredging mud[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2023, 35(2): 210-218 (in Chinese).
[23] 陈和生, 孙振亚, 邵景昌. 八种不同来源二氧化硅的红外光谱特征研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2011, 30(4): 934-937.
CHEN H S, SUN Z Y, SHAO J C. Investigation on FT-IR spectroscopy for eight different sources of SiO₂[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2011, 30(4): 934-937 (in Chinese).
[24] 郝翔翔, 韩晓增, 邹文秀. 示差红外光谱在土壤有机质组成研究中的应用[J]. 分析化学, 2018, 46(4): 616-622.
HAO X X, HAN X Z, ZOU W X. Studies on composition of soil organic matter by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy differential analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2018, 46(4): 616-622 (in Chinese).
[25] ZOU J L, XU G R, LI G B. Ceramsite obtained from water and wastewater sludge and its characteristics affected by Fe₂O₃, CaO, and MgO[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 165(1/2/3): 995-1001.
[26] 桑迪, 王爱国, 孙道胜, 等. 利用工业固体废弃物制备烧胀陶粒的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2016, 30(9): 110-114.
SANG D, WANG A G, SUN D S, et al. Manufacturing sintering-expanded ceramsite from industrial solid wastes[J]. Materials Review, 2016, 30(9): 110-114 (in Chinese).