Carbon Nanocomposite Cement-Based Materials for Geothermal Drilling and Production Based on Response Surface Method

Abstract

Abstract: A novel carbon nanocomposite cement-based material for geothermal drilling and production (CNTs-CC) was developed to solve the problem of insufficient performance of existing thermal cementing cement. Firstly, with graphite and silicon nitride as main thermal conductivity filler, silicon powder as heat stabilization material and carbon nanotubes as co-reinforcing filler, the nano composite cement material base liquid was preliminarily developed. Secondly, based on the Box-Behnken experiment design of response surface method, 17-sets of ratio optimization experiments were carried out, and a quadratic polynomial prediction model with 28 d compressive strength and thermal conductivity as the response indexes was constructed. The influences of various factors on the response indexes were investigated by combining analysis of variance and response surface, and the optimal ratio of cementable materials was obtained. Finally, the engineering properties of the cement-based composite materials were evaluated, and the hydration mechanism of the cement-based composite materials was studied by XRD and SEM. The results show that the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of cement-based composite materials are influenced by the interaction of many factors, in which the interaction between early strength agent and water reducing agent is significant. The 28 d compressive strength of CNTs-CC cement stone is 8.15 MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 2.236 W/(m·K). The thermal conductive filler does not participate in the hydration process, and the carbon nanotube powder can play a "filling" and "bridging" effect, and the admixture regulates the hydration process.

Key words: geothermal drilling and production, cement-based material, graphite, silicon nitride, carbon nanotube, response surface, hydration

CLC Number:

TQ172

XIANG Jie, WANG Sheng, LI Yujie, WANG Wenjie. Carbon Nanocomposite Cement-Based Materials for Geothermal Drilling and Production Based on Response Surface Method[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(2): 495-508.

References

[1] 王贵玲. 开发地热新能源,构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系[J]. 地质学报, 2020, 94(7): 1921-1922.
WANG G L. Develop new geothermal energy and build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7): 1921-1922 (in Chinese).
[2] 刘江. 太原西温庄中深层地热开发过程多场耦合数值模拟研究[D]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学, 2021.
LIU J. Numerical simulation research on multi-field coupling of middle-deep geothermal development process in Xiwenzhuang Taiyuan[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2021 (in Chinese).
[3] 李瑞霞, 王高升, 宋先知, 等. 固井水泥对同轴型换热系统取热效果影响数值分析[J]. 建筑科学, 2018, 34(4): 36-40.
LI R X, WANG G S, SONG X Z, et al. Numerical analysis of the effect of cement sheath on the heat extraction performance of coaxial borehole heat exchangers geothermal system[J]. Building Science, 2018, 34(4): 36-40 (in Chinese).
[4] SONG X Z, WANG G S, SHI Y, et al. Numerical analysis of heat extraction performance of a deep coaxial borehole heat exchanger geothermal system[J]. Energy, 2018, 164: 1298-1310.
[5] 张丰琰, 李立鑫, 韩丽丽. 保温水泥在中低温地热井中的应用及建议[J]. 地质与勘探, 2022, 58(2): 410-419.
ZHANG F Y, LI L X, HAN L L. Application and suggestions of the thermal insulation cement in mid-low temperature geothermal wells[J]. Geology and Exploration, 2022, 58(2): 410-419 (in Chinese).
[6] SONG X Z, ZHENG R, LI R X, et al. Study on thermal conductivity of cement with thermal conductive materials in geothermal well[J]. Geothermics, 2019, 81: 1-11.
[7] YANG Y, WANG K P, ZHANG H, et al. Investigation on the preparation, properties, and microstructure of high thermal conductive cementing material in 3 500 m-deep geothermal well[J]. Geothermics, 2022, 100: 102322.
[8] WANG S, LI Y J, WU L Y, et al. Investigation on thermal conductivity property and hydration mechanism of graphene-composite cement for geothermal exploitation[J]. Geothermics, 2022, 104: 102477.
[9] ABID K, SRIVASTAVA S, TELLEZ M L R, et al. Experimental and machine learning study of thermal conductivity of cement composites for geothermal wells[J]. Geothermics, 2023, 110: 102659.
[10] ZHAO H T, FAN G C, WEI Z Z, et al. Investigation of thermal conductivity and related parameters of early-age cement paste[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2020, 155: 119798.
[11] 方姚, 张勇, 冉真真. 中深层地热井固井导热水泥导热系数研究[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(20): 20028-20033+20052.
FANG Y, ZHANG Y, RAN Z Z. Thermal conductivity of cementing conductive cement in medium and deep geothermal well[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(20): 20028-20033+20052 (in Chinese).
[12] 张有斌, 张文琮, 李叶枢, 等. 基于响应面法的高原红土固化性能试验研究[J]. 材料导报, 2023, 37(S1): 259-264.
ZHANG Y B, ZHANG W C, LI Y S, et al. Experimental of consolidation performance of laterite in plateau based on RSM[J]. Materials Reports, 2023, 37(S1): 259-264 (in Chinese).
[13] 李慢飞. 基于响应面法的水泥混凝土路面抗滑涂层的研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2021.
LI M F. Study on anti-skid coating of cement concrete pavement based on response surface method[D].Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2021 (in Chinese).
[14] 蹇黎明. 地热钻采石墨烯复合水泥材料固结导热特性与机理研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2021.
JIAN L M. Study on consolidation heat conduction characteristics and mechanism of graphene composite cement material by geothermal drilling and mining[D].Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2021 (in Chinese).
[15] WANG S, JIAN L M, SHU Z H, et al. A high thermal conductivity cement for geothermal exploitation application[J]. Natural Resources Research, 2020, 29(6): 3675-3687.
[16] 杨志全, 朱红霖. 碳纳米管对水泥基材料微观结构及抗碳化性能的影响研究[J]. 功能材料, 2023, 54(8): 8217-8227.
YANG Z Q, ZHU H L. Study on the effect of carbon nanotubes on the microstructure and anti-carbonation properties of cement-based materials[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2023, 54(8): 8217-8227 (in Chinese).
[17] JING G J, XU K L, FENG H R, et al. The non-uniform spatial dispersion of graphene oxide: a step forward to understand the inconsistent properties of cement composites[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 264: 120729.
[18] VILELA ROCHA V, LUDVIG P, CONSTÂNCIO TRINDADE A C, et al. The influence of carbon nanotubes on the fracture energy, flexural and tensile behavior of cement based composites[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 209: 1-8.
[19] HAWREEN A, BOGAS J A, DIAS A P S. On the mechanical and shrinkage behavior of cement mortars reinforced with carbon nanotubes[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 168: 459-470.
[20] 张兰芳, 刘丽娜, 曹胜. 响应面方法优化碱激发矿渣-石粉水泥砂浆的研究[J]. 材料导报, 2017, 31(24): 15-19.
ZHANG L F, LIU L N, CAO S. Optimization of alkali activated slag-limestone powder mortar by response surface methodology[J]. Materials Review, 2017, 31(24): 15-19 (in Chinese).
[21] 魏凯伦, 赵卫全, 樊恒辉. 基于响应面法的硅溶胶注浆材料配比优化研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(6): 2015-2023.
WEI K L, ZHAO W Q, FAN H H. Proportion optimization of silica sol grout based on response surface method[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(6): 2015-2023 (in Chinese).
[22] 夏修建. 高温深井固井用聚合物/纳米SiO₂复合添加剂的研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2017.
XIA X J. Study on polymer/nano-SiO₂ composite additive for high temperature deep well cementing[D].Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2017 (in Chinese).
[23] 商勇, 李坤, 史鸿祥. 低密度水泥浆固井技术研究与应用[J]. 钻井液与完井液, 2004, 21(4): 34-36.
SHANG Y, LI K, SHI H X. Study and application of light-weight cement slurry technology[J]. Driuing Fluid and Completion Fluld, 2004, 21(4): 34-36 (in Chinese).
[24] 杨燕, 李路宽, 朱宽亮, 等. 稠油热采硅酸盐水泥抗高温技术研究进展[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(1): 39-49.
YANG Y, LI L K, ZHU K L, et al. Research progress on high temperature Portland cement for heavy oil thermal recovery[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(1): 39-49 (in Chinese).
[25] SHA S N, MA Y H, LEI L, et al. Effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizers on the growth of ettringite in deionized water and synthetic cement pore solution[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2022, 341: 127602.