Research Progress on g-C3N4/Ag-Based Binary Composite Photocatalysts for Degradation of Environmental Pollutants

Abstract

Abstract: Photocatalysis technology shows a good application prospect in the utilization of solar energy resource and has attracted worldwide attention. g-C₃N₄ is a two-dimensional polymeric metal-free semiconductor material with the characteristics of facile synthesis, low cost, high chemical stability and non-toxicity, which has great potential in environmental remediation and energy conversion. However, g-C₃N₄ has the drawbacks of poor visible light absorption capacity, low specific surface area and high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers, which limits its practical application. Constructing heterojunction photocatalyst has become one of effective pathways for boosting photocatalytic efficiency. Based on the inherent merits of Ag-based materials, a lot of researches have been carried out on g-C₃N₄/Ag-based binary photocatalysts and prominent results have been achieved. Recent advances on AgX (X=Cl, Br, I)/g-C₃N₄, Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄, Ag₂CO₃/g-C₃N₄, Ag₃VO₄/g-C₃N₄, Ag₂CrO₄/g-C₃N₄, Ag₂O/g-C₃N₄ and Ag₂MoO₄/g-C₃N₄ composite photocatalysts for the degradation of environmental pollutants were summarized. The major challenges of g-C₃N₄/Ag-based binary composite photocatalysts were reviewed and the future development trends were also forecast.

Key words: g-C₃N₄, Ag-based material, binary composite photocatalyst, photocatalytic performance, environmental pollutant

CLC Number:

TQ426

BAI Linyang, CAI Zhaosheng. Research Progress on g-C₃N₄/Ag-Based Binary Composite Photocatalysts for Degradation of Environmental Pollutants[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(10): 3755-3763.

References

[1] LIN Z S, DONG C C, MU W, et al. Degradation of Rhodamine B in the photocatalytic reactor containing TiO₂ nanotube arrays coupled with nanobubbles[J]. Advanced Sensor and Energy Materials, 2023, 2(2): 100054.
[2] DIAO Z H, JIN J C, ZOU M Y, et al. Simultaneous degradation of amoxicillin and norfloxacin by TiO₂@nZVI composites coupling with persulfate: synergistic effect, products and mechanism[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 278: 119620.
[3] ZHAO S Y, CHEN C X, DING J, et al. One-pot hydrothermal fabrication of BiVO₄/Fe₃O₄/rGO composite photocatalyst for the simulated solar light-driven degradation of Rhodamine B[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2021, 16(3): 1-16.
[4] JUABRUM S, CHANKHANITTHA T, NANAN S. Hydrothermally grown SDS-capped ZnO photocatalyst for degradation of RR141 azo dye[J]. Materials Letters, 2019, 245: 1-5.
[5] SUN Z X, WANG H Q, WU Z B, et al. g-C₃N₄ based composite photocatalysts for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction[J]. Catalysis Today, 2018, 300: 160-172.
[6] LIN L, SU Z Y, LI Y, et al. Comparative performance and mechanism of bacterial inactivation induced by metal-free modified g-C₃N₄ under visible light: Escherichia coli versus Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 265: 129060.
[7] DANG X M, WU S, ZHANG H G, et al. Simultaneous heteroatom doping and microstructure construction by solid thermal melting method for enhancing photoelectrochemical property of g-C₃N₄ electrodes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 282: 120005.
[8] VAN KHIEN N, HUU H T, THI V N N, et al. Facile construction of S-scheme SnO₂/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst for improved photoactivity[J]. Chemosphere, 2022, 289: 133120.
[9] LINH P H, DO CHUNG P, VAN KHIEN N, et al. A simple approach for controlling the morphology of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic properties[J]. Diamond and Related Materials, 2021, 111: 108214.
[10] XIE M, TANG J C, KONG L S, et al. Cobalt doped g-C₃N₄ activation of peroxymonosulfate for monochlorophenols degradation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 360: 1213-1222.
[11] ZHEN X L, FAN C Z, TANG L, et al. Advancing charge carriers separation and transformation by nitrogen self-doped hollow nanotubes g-C₃N₄ for enhancing photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants[J]. Chemosphere, 2023, 312: 137145.
[12] AL-HAJJI L A, ISMAIL A A, FAYCAL A M, et al. Construction of mesoporous g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ nanocrystals with enhanced photonic efficiency[J]. Ceramics International, 2019, 45(1): 1265-1272.
[13] CUI P P, HU Y, ZHENG M M, et al. Enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic activities of BiVO₄ coupled with g-C₃N₄ prepared using different precursors[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(32): 32466-32477.
[14] LI X W, CHEN D Y, LI N J, et al. AgBr-loaded hollow porous carbon nitride with ultrahigh activity as visible light photocatalysts for water remediation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2018, 229: 155-162.
[15] SHI H L, HE R, SUN L, et al. Band gap tuning of g-C₃N₄ via decoration with AgCl to expedite the photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of oxalic acid[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 84: 1-12.
[16] 彭慧, 刘成琪, 汪楚乔, 等. AgI/g-C₃N₄复合材料制备及其降解孔雀石绿染料性能[J]. 环境工程, 2019, 37(4): 93-97.
PENG H, LIU C Q, WANG C Q, et al. Preparation of AgI/g-C₃N₄ composites and their degradation performance of malachite green dyes[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2019, 37(4): 93-97 (in Chinese).
[17] LIANG W, TANG G, ZHANG H, et al. Core-shell structured AgBr incorporated g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability[J]. Materials Technology, 2017, 32(11): 675-685.
[18] LI Y B, HU Y R, LIU Z, et al. Construction of self-activating Z-scheme g-C₃N₄/AgCl heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic property[J]. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2023, 172: 111055.
[19] XIE J S, WU C Y, XU Z Z, et al. Novel AgCl/g-C₃N₄ heterostructure nanotube: ultrasonic synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity[J]. Materials Letters, 2019, 234: 179-182.
[20] YANG J, ZHANG X, LONG J, et al. Synthesis and photocatalytic mechanism of visible-light-driven AgBr/g-C₃N₄ composite[J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2021, 32: 6158-6167.
[21] HUANG H, LI Y X, WANG H L, et al. In situ fabrication of ultrathin-g-C₃N₄/AgI heterojunctions with improved catalytic performance for photodegrading rhodamine B solution[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 538: 148132.
[22] GUO C S, CHEN M, WU L L, et al. Nanocomposites of Ag₃PO₄ and phosphorus-doped graphitic carbon nitride for ketamine removal[J]. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2019, 2(5): 2817-2829.
[23] WANG H R, LEI Z, LI L, et al. Holey g-C₃N₄ nanosheet wrapped Ag₃PO₄ photocatalyst and its visible-light photocatalytic performance[J]. Solar Energy, 2019, 191: 70-77.
[24] 胡俊俊, 丁同悦, 陈奕桦, 等. Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄复合材料的制备及其光催化性能[J]. 精细化工, 2021, 38(3): 483-488.
HU J J, DING T Y, CHEN Y H, et al. Preparation and photocatalytic application of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ composites[J]. Fine Chemicals, 2021, 38(3): 483-488 (in Chinese).
[25] MEI J, ZHANG D P, LI N, et al. The synthesis of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites and the application in the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A under visible light irradiation[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018, 749: 715-723.
[26] 潘良峰, 阎鑫, 王超莉, 等. 中空管状g-C₃N₄/Ag₃PO₄复合催化剂的制备及其可见光催化性能[J]. 无机化学学报, 2022, 38(4): 695-704.
PAN L F, YAN X, WANG C L, et al. Preparation and visible light photocatalytic activity of hollow tubular g-C₃N₄/Ag₃PO₄ composite catalyst[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2022, 38(4): 695-704 (in Chinese).
[27] DEONIKAR V G, KOTESHWARA R K, CHUNG W J, et al. Facile synthesis of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ composites in various solvent systems with tuned morphologies and their efficient photocatalytic activity for multi-dye degradation[J]. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2019, 368: 168-181.
[28] DU J G, XU Z, LI H, et al. Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme composites with enhanced visible-light-driven disinfection and organic pollutants degradation: uncovering the mechanism[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 541: 148487.
[29] NAGAJYOTHI P C, SREEKANTH T V M, RAMARAGHAVULU R, et al. Photocatalytic dye degradation and hydrogen production activity of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocatalyst[J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2019, 30(16): 14890-14901.
[30] AN D S, ZENG H Y, XIAO G F, et al. Cr(VI) reduction over Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ composite with p-n heterostructure under visible-light irradiation[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2020, 117: 133-143.
[31] YAN X, WANG Y Y, KANG B B, et al. Preparation and characterization of tubelike g-C₃N₄/Ag₃PO₄ heterojunction with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity[J]. Crystals, 2021, 11(11): 1373.
[32] 高闯闯, 刘海成, 孟无霜, 等. Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化性能[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(5): 2343-2352.
GAO C C, LIU H C, MENG W S, et al. Preparation of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ composite photocatalysts and their visible light photocatalytic performance[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(5): 2343-2352 (in Chinese).
[33] CHENG R, WEN J Y, XIA J C, et al. Photo-catalytic oxidation of gaseous toluene by Z-scheme Ag₃PO₄-g-C₃N₄ composites under visible light: removal performance and mechanisms[J]. Catalysis Today, 2022, 388/389: 26-35.
[34] ZHANG W, ZHOU L, SHI J, et al. Synthesis of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance for the photodegradation of diclofenac under visible light irradiation[J]. Catalysts, 2018, 8(2): 45.
[35] ZHANG M X, DU H X, JI J, et al. Highly efficient Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ Z-scheme photocatalyst for its enhanced photocatalytic performance in degradation of rhodamine B and phenol[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(7): 2062.
[36] LI K, CHEN M M, CHEN L, et al. In-situ hydrothermal synthesis of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites and their photocatalytic decomposition of sulfapyridine under visible light[J]. Processes, 2023, 11(2): 375.
[37] 汲畅, 王国胜. Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄异质结催化剂可见光降解黄连素[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(4): 175-180.
JI C, WANG G S. Degradation of berberine by visible light over Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction catalyst[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(4): 175-180 (in Chinese).
[38] CHEN R H, DING S Y, FU N, et al. Preparation of a g-C₃N₄/Ag₃PO₄ composite Z-type photocatalyst and photocatalytic degradation of Ofloxacin: degradation performance, reaction mechanism, degradation pathway and toxicity evaluation[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2023, 11(2): 109440.
[39] HAYATI M, ABDUL H A, ZUL A M H, et al. In-depth investigation on the photostability and charge separation mechanism of Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst towards very low visible light intensity[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2023, 376: 121494.
[40] DING M, ZHOU J J, YANG H C, et al. Synthesis of Z-scheme g-C₃N₄ nanosheets/Ag₃PO₄ photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance for the degradation of tetracycline and dye[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2020, 31(1): 71-76.
[41] PAN S G, JIA B Q, FU Y S. Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles decorated g-C₃N₄ as a high-efficiency catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants[J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2021, 32(11): 14464-14476.
[42] PIRZADA B M, PUSHPENDRA, KUNCHALA R K, et al. Synthesis of LaFeO₃/Ag₂CO₃ nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B and p-chlorophenol under natural sunlight[J]. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(2): 2618-2629.
[43] SHEN J T, QIAN L, HUANG J L, et al. Enhanced degradation toward Levofloxacin under visible light with S-scheme heterojunction In₂O₃/Ag₂CO₃: internal electric field, DFT calculation and degradation mechanism[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 275: 119239.
[44] LIU Y, KONG J J, YUAN J L, et al. Enhanced photocatalytic activity over flower-like sphere Ag/Ag₂CO₃/BiVO₄ plasmonic heterojunction photocatalyst for tetracycline degradation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 331: 242-254.
[45] AN W J, SUN K L, HU J S, et al. The Z-scheme Ag₂CO₃@g-C₃N₄ core-shell structure for increased photoinduced charge separation and stable photocatalytic degradation[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2020, 504: 144345.
[46] YIN H F, LIU J, SHI H L, et al. Highly efficient catalytic ozonation for oxalic acid mineralization with Ag₂CO₃ modified g-C₃N₄: performance and mechanism[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022, 162: 944-954.
[47] XIU Z W, ZHANG D F, WANG J X. Direct Z-scheme photocatalytic system: Ag₂CO₃/g-C₃N₄ organic-inorganic hybrid with superior activity through built-in electric field transfer mechanism[J]. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2021, 95(6): 1255-1268.
[48] HIND A, AL-HAJJI L A, MAHMOUD M H H, et al. Visible-light-driven S-scheme mesoporous Ag₃VO₄/C₃N₄ heterojunction with promoted photocatalytic performances[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 272: 118914.
[49] 蒋善庆, 曹宇, 马佳慧, 等. Ag₃VO₄/g-C₃N₄复合材料可见光催化降解MC-LR的性能[J]. 常州大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 32(5): 8-16+26.
JIANG S Q, CAO Y, MA J H, et al. Performance of MC-LR photocatalytic degradation over Ag₃VO₄/g-C₃N₄composite under visible light irradiation[J]. Journal of Changzhou University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 32(5): 8-16+26 (in Chinese).
[50] ABDOLLAHI B, FARSHNAMA S, ABBASI A E, et al. Cu(BDC) metal-organic framework (MOF)-based Ag₂CrO₄ heterostructure with enhanced solar-light degradation of organic dyes[J]. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2022, 138: 109236.
[51] SHANG Y Y, CHEN X, LIU W W, et al. Photocorrosion inhibition and high-efficiency photoactivity of porous g-C₃N₄/Ag₂CrO₄ composites by simple microemulsion-assisted co-precipitation method[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2017, 204: 78-88.
[52] NAJAFIDOUST A, ABDOLLAHI B, SARANI M, et al. MIL-(53)Fe metal-organic framework (MOF)-based Ag₂CrO₄ hetrostructure with enhanced solar-light degradation of organic dyes[J]. Optical Materials, 2022, 125: 112108.
[53] REN X Z, ZHANG X S, GUO R C, et al. Hollow mesoporous g-C₃N₄/Ag₂CrO₄ photocatalysis with direct Z-scheme: excellent degradation performance for antibiotics and dyes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 270: 118797.
[54] RAJALAKSHMI N, BARATHI D, MEYVEL S, et al. S-scheme Ag₂CrO₄/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst for effective degradation of organic pollutants under visible light[J]. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2021, 132: 108849.
[55] YANG Z M, DENG C H, DING Y H, et al. Eco-friendly and effective strategy to synthesize ZnO/Ag₂O heterostructures and its excellent photocatalytic property under visible light[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2018, 268: 83-93.
[56] LIANG S H, ZHANG D F, PU X P, et al. A novel Ag₂O/g-C₃N₄ p-n heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible and near-infrared light activity[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 210: 786-797.
[57] JIANG Z, LE S K, XIE Y J, et al. Mpg-C₃N₄/Ag₂O nanocomposites photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2019, 19(2): 721-728.
[58] KADI M W, MOHAMED R M, BAHNEMANN D W. Controlled synthesis of Ag₂O/g-C₃N₄ heterostructures using soft and hard templates for efficient and enhanced visible-light degradation of ciprofloxacin[J]. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(22): 31073-31083.
[59] FRAGA F C, D G ROCCA, JOSÉ H J, et al. Evaluation of reactive oxygen species and photocatalytic degradation of ethylene using β-Ag₂MoO₄/g-C₃N₄ composites[J]. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology, A: Chemistry, 2022, 432: 114102.
[60] PANDIRI M, VELCHURI R, GUNDEBOINA R, et al. A facile in-situ hydrothermal route to construct a well-aligned β-Ag₂MoO₄/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction with enhanced visible light photodegradation: mechanistic views[J]. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2018, 360: 231-241.
[61] WU M, LV H Y, WANG T, et al. Ag₂MoO₄ nanoparticles encapsulated in g-C₃N₄ for sunlight photodegradation of pollutants[J]. Catalysis Today, 2018, 315: 205-212.
[62] LIU L, QI Y H, LU J R, et al. A stable Ag₃PO₄@g-C₃N₄ hybrid core@shell composite with enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2016, 183: 133-141.
[63] JABBAR Z H, OKAB A A, GRAIMED B H, et al. Photocatalytic destruction of Congo red dye in wastewater using a novel Ag₂WO₄/Bi₂S₃ nanocomposite decorated g-C₃N₄ nanosheet as ternary S-scheme heterojunction: improving the charge transfer efficiency[J]. Diamond and Related Materials, 2023, 133: 109711.
[64] LI Z L, JIN C Y, WANG M, et al. Novel rugby-like g-C₃N₄/BiVO₄ core/shell Z-scheme composites prepared via low-temperature hydrothermal method for enhanced photocatalytic performance[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 232: 115937.

Research Progress on g-C₃N₄/Ag-Based Binary Composite Photocatalysts for Degradation of Environmental Pollutants

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 4

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	CHEN Pu, OU Xiaoxia, ZHAO Ke, YANG Xiaoyu. Preparation of In₂S₃/g-C₃N₄ Composite Photocatalyst and Its Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(1): 310-318.
[2]	QIN Zemin. Research Progress on Photocatalytic Reduction of Uranium by g-C₃N₄ Based Materials [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(12): 4458-4468.
[3]	WANG Rui-fei;ZHAO Hong-li;FAN Qing;GUO You-wen;CHU Xiao-peng. Preparation of Photocatalytic Double Films of SiO2 and TiO2 by Sol-gel Method [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2016, 35(2): 638-645.
[4]	WAN Xin;TANG Chao;FANG Ming-hao;MIN Xin;HUANG Zhao-hui;LIU Yan-gai;WU Xiao-wen. Research on Photocatalytic Performance of TiO2/Tourmaline Compound Fiber [J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2014, 33(8): 1880-1884.