Leaching Process and Mechanism of Manganese from Electrolytic Manganese Slag by Citric Acid

Abstract

Abstract: The concentration of manganese in electrolytic manganese slag is higher, which not only wastes manganese resources, but also will restrict the comprehensive utilization of manganese residue. The high efficiency leaching of manganese from manganese residue with citric acid as additive can promote the resource utilization of manganese residue and the green and low-carbon development of electrolytic manganese industry. The influence of leaching parameters on the manganese leaching concentration in manganese slag was studied. A manganese leaching model was established by analyzing the phase, structure, valence, morphology and kinetics, and the leaching mechanism was discussed. The results show that when the citric acid content is 25% (mass fraction), the liquid-solid ratio is 5∶1, and the leaching time is 30 min, the manganese leaching effect is better, and the leaching rate is 93.6%. The kinetics of manganese leaching is in accordance with the shrinking core model, which is controlled by the mixture of chemical reaction and solid film. The high valence manganese is reduced to the divalent manganese by citric acid, and then the divalent manganese and citric acid coordinate to form a chelate in the form of 1∶2, in which the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of citric acid molecules jointly participate in bonding.

Key words: electrolytic manganese residue, citric acid, manganese leaching, process parameter, leaching mechanism

CLC Number:

X781.1

ZHANG Huanhuan, FANG Shuangming, FU Juan, CHENG Jinke. Leaching Process and Mechanism of Manganese from Electrolytic Manganese Slag by Citric Acid[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(6): 2071-2080.

References

[1] HE S C, WILSON B P, LUNDSTRÖM M, et al. Hazard-free treatment of electrolytic manganese residue and recovery of manganese using low temperature roasting-water washing process[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 402: 123561.
[2] HE D J, LUO Z G, ZENG X F, et al. Electrolytic manganese residue disposal based on basic burning raw material: heavy metals solidification/stabilization and long-term stability[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 825: 153774.
[3] CHEN H L, LONG Q, ZHOU F, et al. Elec-accumulating behaviors of manganese in the electrokinetics-processed electrolytic manganese residue with carbon dioxide and oxalic acid[J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2020, 865: 114162.
[4] CHOUSIDIS N, IOANNOU I, BATIS G. Utilization of electrolytic manganese dioxide waste in concrete exposed to salt crystallization[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 158: 708-718.
[5] LI C X, ZHONG H, WANG S, et al. Removal of basic dye (methylene blue) from aqueous solution using zeolite synthesized from electrolytic manganese residue[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2015, 23: 344-352.
[6] ZHOU C B, DU B, WANG N F, et al. Preparation and strength property of autoclaved bricks fromelectrolytic manganese residue[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014, 84: 707-714.
[7] WU F F, LI X P, ZHONG H, et al. Utilization of electrolytic manganese residues in production of porous ceramics[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2016, 13(3): 511-521.
[8] LI J, SUN P, LI J X, et al. Synthesis of electrolytic manganese residue-fly ash based geopolymers with high compressive strength[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 248: 118489.
[9] 孟小燕, 蒋彬, 李云飞, 等. 电解锰渣二次提取锰和氨氮的研究[J]. 环境工程学报, 2011, 5(4): 903-908.
MENG X Y, JIANG B, LI Y F, et al. Research on second extraction of manganese and ammonia nitrogen from eletrolytic manganese residue[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2011, 5(4): 903-908 (in Chinese).
[10] WANG N F, FANG Z J, PENG S, et al. Recovery of soluble manganese from electrolyte manganese residue using a combination of ammonia and CO₂[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2016, 164: 288-294.
[11] LAN J R, SUN Y, CHEN X H, et al. Bio-leaching of manganese from electrolytic manganese slag by Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum Y1: Mechanism and characteristics of microbial metabolites[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2021, 319: 124056.
[12] TIAN Y, SHU J C, CHEN M J, et al. Manganese and ammonia nitrogen recovery from electrolytic manganese residue by electric field enhanced leaching[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 236: 117708.
[13] HE S C, JIANG D Y, HONG M H, et al. Hazard-free treatment and resource utilisation of electrolytic manganese residue: a review[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 306: 127224.
[14] LAN J R, DONG Y Q, XIANG Y W, et al. Selective recovery of manganese from electrolytic manganese residue by using water as extractant under mechanochemical ball grinding: mechanism and kinetics[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 415: 125556.
[15] AI C M, SUN P P, WU A X, et al. Accelerating leaching of copper ore with surfactant and the analysis of reaction kinetics[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2019, 26(3): 274-281.
[16] SAHA A, LEE J, PANCERA S M, et al. New insights into the transformation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate to gypsum using time-resolved cryogenic transmission electron microscopy[J]. Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids, 2012, 28(30): 11182-11187.
[17] 彭家惠, 陈明凤, 瞿金东, 等. 柠檬酸对建筑石膏水化的影响及其机理研究[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2005, 8(1): 94-99.
PENG J H, CHEN M F, QU J D, et al. Effect of citric acid on the process of hydration of building gypsum and its retarding mechanism[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2005, 8(1): 94-99 (in Chinese).
[18] LAN J R, ZHANG S S, MEI T, et al. Mechanochemical modification of electrolytic manganese residue: ammonium nitrogen recycling, heavy metal solidification, and baking-free brick preparation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 329: 129727.
[19] ZHOU Y H, WU S S, LIU R L, et al. Efficient recovery of manganese and ammonia nitrogen from filter-pressing electrolytic manganese residue by organic complexation[J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022, 45: 102532.
[20] MAJID A, AHMAD N, RIZWAN M, et al. Effects of Mn ion implantation on XPS spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Electronic Materials, 2018, 47(2): 1555-1559.
[21] GAO A L, SUN Z H, LI S P, et al. The mechanism of manganese dissolution on Li_1.6Mn_1.6O₄ ion sieves with HCl[J]. Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England: 2003), 2018, 47(11): 3864-3871.
[22] 邓亚玲, 舒建成, 陈梦君, 等. 不同堆存时间电解锰渣的理化特性分析[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 2161-2170.
DENG Y L, SHU J C, CHEN M J, et al. Physical and chemical properties analysis of electrolytic manganese residue in different storage times[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(4): 2161-2170 (in Chinese).
[23] 王政. 硫酸法回收磷尾矿中磷和镁及其动力学研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2009.
WANG Z. Study on recovery of phosphorus and magnesium from phosphorus tailings by sulfuric acid method and its kinetics[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2009 (in Chinese).
[24] 舒建成. 电解锰渣中锰和氨氮的强化转化方法研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2017.
SHU J C. Study on enhanced transformation method of manganese and ammonia nitrogen in electrolytic manganese slag[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2017 (in Chinese).
[25] 程德平. 若干锰配位聚集体的结构化学研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 1999.
CHENG D P. Study on structural chemistry of some manganese coordination aggregates[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 1999 (in Chinese).
[26] SALUNKHE G, SENGUPTA A, BODA A, et al. Application of hybrid MOF composite in extraction of f-block elements: experimental and computational investigation[J]. Chemosphere, 2022, 287: 132232.