不同结构形式玄武岩纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料弯曲性能研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0908

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水泥基材料存在抗拉强度低、脆性大和易开裂等缺点，这严重影响其耐久性。为提高混凝土的抗弯承载能力，本研究将不同叠层方式、铺层角度和织物类型的玄武岩纤维织物与混凝土进行复合，通过荷载-位移曲线和结构裂缝模式分析其弯曲性能。结果表明，在叠层方式中，网平斜叠层玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的极限弯曲荷载较素混凝土提高了247.85%，而网斜平叠层因织物与混凝土的界面粘结性能较弱，导致增强效果有限。0°铺层玄武岩纤维网格织物增强混凝土复合材料的极限弯曲荷载达611.5 N，较45°和90°铺层分别提升了53.64%和39.03%。在三种织物类型中，玄武岩纤维平纹织物对混凝土弯曲强度的增强效果最为显著，其极限弯曲荷载达1 029 N。本研究为玄武岩纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料在建筑加固领域的抗弯曲结构设计和力学分析等方面提供技术支撑。

关键词: 玄武岩纤维织物, 水泥基复合材料, 铺层结构, 弯曲性能, 裂缝模式

Abstract:

The low tensile strength， high brittleness， and susceptibility to cracking of cement-based materials seriously affect their durability. In order to improve the flexural bearing capacity of concrete， this study combined basalt fiber fabrics with different stacking methods， layer angles， and fabric types with concrete， and analyzed their bending properties through load-displacement curves and structural crack patterns. The results indicate that among the stacking methods， the ultimate bending load of the mesh plain weave twill stacked basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite material is increased by 247.85% compared to plain concrete， while the mesh twill plain weave stacking method leads to limited reinforcement effect due to the weak interfacial bonding performance between the fabric and concrete. The ultimate bending load of the 0° layered basalt fiber mesh fabric reinforced concrete composite material reaches 611.5 N， increases by 53.64% and 39.03% compared to the 45° and 90° layered materials， respectively.Among the three fabric types， the basalt fiber plain weave fabric exhibts the most significant enhancement effect on bending strength of concrete， with ultimate bending load reaching 1 029 N. This study provide a technical support for the structure design and mechanical analysis of flexural-resistant structures using basalt fiber fabric reinforced cement-based composite materials in the field of building reinforcement.

Key words: basalt fiber fabric, cement-based composite material, laying structure, bending property, crack pattern

中图分类号:

TU528.57

闫飞, 翁玉宽, 崔哲琪, 陈政康, 邓子意, 贾明皓. 不同结构形式玄武岩纤维织物增强水泥基复合材料弯曲性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(4): 1142-1150.

YAN Fei, WENG Yukuan, CUI Zheqi, CHEN Zhengkang, DENG Ziyi, JIA Minghao. Bending Properties of Basalt Fiber Fabric Reinforced Cement-Based Composite Materials with Different Structural Forms[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(4): 1142-1150.

图/表 10

表1 混凝土基体配合比

Table 1 Mix proportion of concrete matrix

Component	Cement	Fly ash	Stone powder	Sand	Water reducer	Defoamer
Mix proportion/（kg·m^-3）	300	30	70	600	1.3	0.3

图1 玄武岩纤维织物、树脂层和混凝土示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of basalt fiber fabric， resin layer， and concrete

图2 玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的制备过程

Fig.2 Preparation process of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials

图3 不同叠层方式玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲性能

Fig.3 Bending properties of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different stacking methods

图4 不同叠层方式玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲破坏形貌

Fig.4 Bending failure morphology of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different stacking methods

图5 不同铺层角度玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲性能

Fig.5 Bending properties of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different layer angles

图6 不同铺层角度玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲破坏形貌

Fig.6 Bending failure morphology of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different layer angles

图7 不同织物类型玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲性能

Fig.7 Bending properties of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different fabric types

图8 不同织物类型玄武岩纤维织物增强混凝土复合材料的弯曲破坏形貌照片

Fig.8 Photographs of bending failure morphology of basalt fiber fabric reinforced concrete composite materials with different fabric types

图9 玄武岩纤维SEM照片

Fig.9 SEM images of basalt fiber

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