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硅酸盐通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 994-1005.DOI: 10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.1201

• 新型功能化玻璃 • 上一篇    下一篇

玻璃基中子剂量检测材料研究进展

郑睿鹏1(), 李世欣1, 聂思悦2, 龚柯钱2()   

  1. 1.生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 100082
    2.清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-01 修订日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-10
  • 通信作者: 龚柯钱,博士。E-mail: gkq21@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郑睿鹏(1972—),男,高级工程师。主要从事核安全级电气设备鉴定工作。E-mail: zhengruipeng123@126.com

Research Progress on Glass-Based Neutron Dosimetry Materials

ZHENG Ruipeng1(), LI Shixin1, NIE Siyue2, GONG Keqian2()   

  1. 1.Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100082,China
    2.Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2025-12-01 Revised:2026-02-02 Published:2026-03-20 Online:2026-04-10

摘要:

随着先进核能系统、医疗中子治疗及核安保需求的不断提升,对中子剂量检测材料的灵敏度、稳定性和工程可加工性提出了更高要求。玻璃基剂量检测材料因成分可设计性高、化学稳定性好、辐照耐受性强且易于制备成块体、薄片或光纤等形态,在复杂中子场中的剂量测定领域展现出独特优势。本文系统梳理了中子与物质的相互作用机制及核裂变、核反冲、核活化与核反应等典型探测方法,总结了硼硅酸盐、锂硅酸盐、磷酸盐玻璃及稀土掺杂玻璃等多类材料在组成结构、缺陷中心形成机制、剂量响应特性及应用性能方面的研究进展。重点分析了10B与6Li俘获反应驱动的色心与载流子陷阱机制、Ce3+/Tb3+等稀土离子在闪烁过程中的能量转换路径,以及不同玻璃网络结构对辐照稳定性和剂量灵敏度的影响。在此基础上,进一步讨论了玻璃基中子剂量材料在高灵敏测量、光纤化探测与宽能区响应等方向的潜在优势及未来发展趋势,有望为下一代高性能中子剂量检测材料的结构设计与工程化开发提供参考。

关键词: 中子剂量检测, 玻璃基材料, 稀土掺杂, 辐照缺陷, 中子俘获反应, 网络结构

Abstract:

With the rapid development of advanced nuclear systems, neutron-based medical therapies, and nuclear security technologies, the demand for neutron dosimetry materials with higher sensitivity, long-term stability, and engineering feasibility has grown substantially. Glass-based neutron dosimeters have attracted considerable interest due to their high compositional tunability, excellent chemical durability, strong radiation resistance, and capability for fabrication into bulk plates, thin films, and optical fibers. This review summarizes the interaction mechanisms between neutrons and matter, followed by an overview of four representative detection approaches, including fission, nuclear recoil, activation, and nuclear-reaction-based detection. The recent progress of various glass systems, including borosilicate, lithium silicate, phosphate glasses, and rare-earth-doped glasses, is comprehensively discussed, covering network structures, defect-center formation mechanisms, neutron-induced luminescence pathways, and dosimetric performance. Special attention is given to the 10B and 6Li, the role of Ce3+/Tb3+ dopants in scintillation processes, and the correlation between glass network topology, radiation stability, and sensitivity. Based on these research developments, the potential of glass-based neutron dosimetry materials in high-resolution detection, fiber-based sensing, and wide-energy-range applications is further highlighted. This review aims to provide guidance for the structural design and engineering development of next-generation neutron dosimetry materials.

Key words: neutron dosimetry, glass-based material, rare-earth doping, radiation-induced defect, neutron capture reaction, network structure

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