废瓷粉/玻璃复相多孔陶瓷对不同香精选择性吸附的研究

doi:10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2025.0840

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过调整废瓷粉和玻璃粉的比例，在910~990 ℃系列温度梯度下，烧制了不同气孔率的多孔陶瓷。将不同气孔率的多孔陶瓷作为吸附剂，探究了多孔陶瓷对六种香精的吸附/释放性能，明晰了香精在多孔陶瓷中的截留成分，构建了多孔陶瓷对香精的释放模型。结果表明，40%气孔率多孔陶瓷的比表面积最大，达到2.33×10⁶ mm²/g，对六种香精的吸附量最大（223.98~301.82 mg/g），吸附时间最短（2.68~9.90 s）。高气孔率多孔陶瓷的孔隙网络较为密集，有效缩短了香精的扩散路径，对香精的吸附速度较快。香精释放试验中，三种醇溶性香精的释放率均接近100%，而三种水溶性香精的释放率均小于70%。三种水溶性香精在多孔陶瓷中的主要截留成分分别为DL-甘油醛、L-乳酸和5-羟甲基糠醛。三种截留成分中含有羟基（—OH）、醛基（—CHO）和羧基（—COOH）中的两种极性基团，与多孔陶瓷表面的羟基形成强氢键网络，使多孔陶瓷对其的吸附效果增强。

关键词: 多孔陶瓷, 香精, 气孔率, 释放率, 极性基团, 氢键

Abstract:

By adjusting the ratio of waste porcelain powder and glass powder， porous ceramics with different porosities were sintered at a series of temperatures gradients from 910 ℃ to 990 ℃. Porous ceramics with different porosities were used as adsorbents to evaluate their adsorption/desorption performance for six flavors. The retained components within the porous ceramics were elucidated， and a release model for these flavors from the porous ceramics was established. The results indicate that the porous ceramics with 40% porosity exhibits the highest specific surface area， reaching 2.33×10⁶ mm²/g， along with the greatest adsorption capacity （223.98~301.82 mg/g） and the shortest adsorption time （2.68~9.90 s） for all six flavors. The dense pore network of the high porosity porous ceramics effectively shortens the diffusion path of the flavors， facilitating a faster adsorption rate. In the flavor release experiments， the release rate of the three alcohol-soluble flavors approach 100%， whereas those of three water-soluble flavors all remain below 70%. The main retained components of the three water-soluble flavors in the porous ceramics are DL-glyceraldehyde， L-lactic acid， and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural， respectively. These retained components contain two types of polar functional groups from among hydroxyl group （—OH）， aldehyde group （—CHO）， and carboxyl group （—COOH）， and they form a strong hydrogen-bonding network with the hydroxyl group on the surface of porous ceramics， which enhances the adsorption efficacy of the porous ceramics towards them.

Key words: porous ceramics, flavor, porosity, release rate, polar group, hydrogen bond

中图分类号:

TM285

曾樱子, 邓腾飞. 废瓷粉/玻璃复相多孔陶瓷对不同香精选择性吸附的研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2026, 45(2): 613-624.

ZENG Yingzi, DENG Tengfei. Selective Adsorption of Different Flavors by Waste Porcelain Powder/Glass Composite Porous Ceramics[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2026, 45(2): 613-624.

图/表 17

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Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	MgO	CaO	Fe₂O₃	LOI	Other
Waste porcelain powder	69.90	22.73	2.96	1.22	0.60	0.81	0.32	0.74	0.72
Glass powder	58.27	5.25	0.36	11.26	3.92	13.08	0.72	4.54	2.60

Material	Mass fraction/%
Material	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	MgO	CaO	Fe₂O₃	LOI	Other
Waste porcelain powder	69.90	22.73	2.96	1.22	0.60	0.81	0.32	0.74	0.72
Glass powder	58.27	5.25	0.36	11.26	3.92	13.08	0.72	4.54	2.60

Flavor No.	Solubility	Formula composition
B1	Water-soluble	Glucose， pure water， lactic acid， sodium dehydroacetate
B2		Tobacco extract， jujube tincture， lactic acid， fig extract， jujube net oil， citric acid， fenugreek extract， tomato extract， propylene glycol， pure water
B3		Raisin fruit reactants， blackberry extract， chicory root extract， rye extract， propylene glycol， pure water
C1	Alcohol-soluble	Maotai-flavor liquor， furanone， alcohol， propylene glycol， purified water
C2		Alfalfa distillation， Peru flow extract， mint flow extract， clove stem flow extract， alcohol， propylene glycol
C3		Tobacco extract， damascenone， citral， myrrh oil， lemon oil， sweet fennel oil， vanilla extract， tamarind extract， fenugreek tincture， alcohol

Flavor No.	Solubility	Formula composition
B1	Water-soluble	Glucose， pure water， lactic acid， sodium dehydroacetate
B2		Tobacco extract， jujube tincture， lactic acid， fig extract， jujube net oil， citric acid， fenugreek extract， tomato extract， propylene glycol， pure water
B3		Raisin fruit reactants， blackberry extract， chicory root extract， rye extract， propylene glycol， pure water
C1	Alcohol-soluble	Maotai-flavor liquor， furanone， alcohol， propylene glycol， purified water
C2		Alfalfa distillation， Peru flow extract， mint flow extract， clove stem flow extract， alcohol， propylene glycol
C3		Tobacco extract， damascenone， citral， myrrh oil， lemon oil， sweet fennel oil， vanilla extract， tamarind extract， fenugreek tincture， alcohol

Porosity/%	Specific surface area/（mm²·g^-1）	Average pore size/nm
10	3.03×10⁵	742
20	7.42×10⁵	643
30	1.19×10⁶	637
40	2.33×10⁶	464