改性小麦秸秆对水泥稳定碎石性能影响研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究改性小麦秸秆对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响,采用不同浓度的NaOH溶液对小麦秸秆进行了表面改性处理,并分析了NaOH溶液浓度和改性时间对秸秆质量的影响。将改性后的秸秆纤维掺入水泥稳定碎石中,通过无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂强度试验得到最佳纤维配比,在最佳纤维配比下进行干缩试验、冻融试验,结合环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)测试,观察改性前后小麦秸秆微观变化及秸秆纤维在水泥稳定碎石内的作用机理。研究结果表明:采用质量分数为3.5%的NaOH溶液对小麦秸秆进行12 h的改性处理时,小麦秸秆的质量损失率较高,可减轻对水泥的缓凝作用;秸秆纤维对水泥稳定碎石的力学性能具有显著增强作用,纤维长度为20 mm、掺量为0.15%(质量分数)时强度最高,且随着养护龄期的延长,水泥稳定碎石力学性能不断提升。秸秆纤维水泥稳定碎石与普通水泥稳定碎石相比,其干缩性能和抗冻性能均有明显改善;ESEM分析表明改性后的小麦秸秆可以提升其与基体的黏结,阻止或延缓水泥裂缝的产生和发展,提高水泥稳定碎石的力学性能和抗裂性能。

关键词: 改性小麦秸秆, 水泥稳定碎石, 力学性能, 干缩性能, 抗冻性能, 微观结构

Abstract: In order to study the effect of modified wheat straw on the performance of cement stabilized crushed stone, the surface modification of wheat straw was carried out by using different concentrations of NaOH solution, and the effects of NaOH solution concentration and modification time on the quality of straw were analysed. The modified straw fibers were incorporated into cement stabilized aggregates, and the optimal fiber ratios were obtained through the unconfined compressive strength test and splitting strength test. The dry shrinkage test and freeze-thaw test were carried out under the optimal fiber ratios, combined with the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) test, to observe the microscopic changes of wheat straw before and after modification, as well as the role of straw fibers in the cement stabilized aggregates. The results show that: the mass loss rate of wheat straw is higher when wheat straw is modified by 3.5% (mass fraction) NaOH solution for 12 h, which is conducive to reducing the retardation effect on cement; the mechanical properties of straw fiber in cement stabilized crushed stone are significantly enhanced, and the strength is the highest when the fiber length is 20 mm and the dosage is 0.15% (mass fraction), and withthe prolongation of the curing age, the mechanical properties of cement stabilized drushed stone are continuously improved. Compared with ordinary cement stabilized crushed stone, the dry shrinkage performance and frost resistance of straw fiber cement stabilized crushed stone are significantly improved. ESEM analysis shows that the modified wheat straw can improve the adhesion with the matrix, prevent or delay the generation and development of cracks, and improve the mechanical properties and anti-cracking properties of cement stabilized crushed stone.

Key words: modified wheat straw, cement stabilized crushed stone, mechanical property, dry shrinkage performance, frost resistance, microstructure

中图分类号:

U414

秦佳铭, 王欢, 王建棋, 贾利旺. 改性小麦秸秆对水泥稳定碎石性能影响研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(12): 4480-4490.

QIN Jiaming, WANG Huan, WANG Jianqi, JIA Liwang. Influence of Modified Wheat Straw on Performance of Cement Stabilized Crushed Stone[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(12): 4480-4490.

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