建筑陶瓷固废模拟热液蚀变反应低碳制备陶瓷砖

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 陶瓷通常需要在1 000 ℃以上烧结,导致陶瓷工业约有60%的能耗用于烧成工序,降低陶瓷的烧成温度对于陶瓷行业的节能减碳具有重要意义。本文以陶瓷固废为原料提出了一种在200 ℃下模拟热液蚀变反应低碳制备陶瓷的方法。本研究先对废陶瓷进行球磨预处理,得到亚微米级粉体,再通过模拟热液蚀变反应,以陶瓷固废粉体为原料制备出陶瓷砖。在最佳实验条件下:陶瓷固废球磨6 h,粉体含水率25%,以硅酸钾水溶液作为蚀变溶液,在200 ℃温度下反应36 h,得到样品的抗折强度为(32.1±4) MPa,满足陶瓷砖的应用要求。利用X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜表征反应前后样品的物相组成、官能团结构和微观形貌,给出了可能的反应过程。确认在热液蚀变反应中产生了正长石和α-石英晶体,这两种晶体的生长有效地提高陶瓷砖的抗折强度。

关键词: 热液蚀变, 陶瓷固废, 正长石, α-石英, 球磨, 陶瓷砖

Abstract: Ceramics are usually sintered over 1 000 ℃, which leads to 60% energy consumption of ceramic production process. Low temperature sintering is a key factor for energy saving and carbon reduction of ceramic industry.This article proposes a low-carbon method for preparing ceramics by simulating hydrothermal alteration reaction at 200 ℃ using ceramic solid waste as raw material. Waste ceramics were firstly pre-treated by ball milling to obtain submicron powder. Ceramic tiles were prepared from ceramic powder by hydrothermal alteration simulation. Under the optimal condition of 6 h ball milling of ceramic waste solid, 25% water content of submicron powder, K₂SiO₃ solution and 36 h reaction at 200 ℃, the flexural strength of the final product can reach (32.1±4) MPa fitting application requirement of ceramic tiles. X-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the physical phase composition, functional group structure, and microscopic morphology of the samples before and after the reaction, and a possible reaction mechanism was given. It is confirmed that orthoclase and α-quartz crystals are produced during the hydrothermal etching reaction, and the growth of these two crystals effectively improves the flexural strength of ceramic tiles.

Key words: hydrothermal alternation, ceramic solid waste, orthoclase, α-quartz, ball milling, ceramic tiles

中图分类号:

TU522.09

吴文新, 周正元, 夏光华, 宁高朋, 周彩玲. 建筑陶瓷固废模拟热液蚀变反应低碳制备陶瓷砖[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(7): 2620-2629.

WU Wenxin, ZHOU Zhengyuan, XIA Guanghua, NING Gaopeng, ZHOU Cailing. Low-Carbon Preparation of Ceramic Tiles from Building Ceramic Solid Waste by Simulating Hydrothermal Alternation[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(7): 2620-2629.

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