铝-空气电池废电解液制备片状氧化铝的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以铝-空气电池废电解液为原材料,用硫酸铝调节pH值,用硫酸钾作为熔盐制备片状氧化铝(α-Al₂O₃),研究了合成温度、晶种添加量对α-Al₂O₃粉体体积分数、粒度大小及粒度分布的影响规律。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和激光粒度仪等,对加入不同晶种量的α-Al₂O₃粉体的结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明,添加晶种后可以提高α-Al₂O₃粉体的体积分数,减小α-Al₂O₃粉体的粒度,使α-Al₂O₃粉体的粒度分布更集中,同时使α-Al₂O₃粉体更分散。此外,当晶种添加量为5%(质量分数)时,制备出的片状α-Al₂O₃的体积分数可达97.0%,平均粒度约为7.24 μm。

关键词: 片状氧化铝, 铝-空气电池废电解液, 晶种, 粒度, 熔盐法, 分散性

Abstract: In this paper, the flaky alumina (α-Al₂O₃) powder was prepared with using aluminum-air battery waste electrolyte as raw material, adjusting pH value with aluminum sulfate, and using potassium sulfate as molten salt. And the effects of synthesis temperature and crystal seed amount on the volume fraction, particle size, and particle size distribution of α-Al₂O₃ powder were studied. The structure and morphology of α-Al₂O₃ powder with different amounts of crystal seed were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and laser particle size analyzer. The research results show that the volume fraction of α-Al₂O₃ powder increases, the particle size is reduced, the particle size distribution is more concentrated and the dispersity is better after adding crystal seed. In addition, when the crystal seed amount is 5%(mass fraction), the volume fraction of prepared flaky α-Al₂O₃ can reach 97.0%, and the average particle size is about 7.24 μm.

Key words: flaky alumina, aluminum-air battery waste electrolyte, crystal seed, particle size, molten salt method, dispersity

中图分类号:

X703
TQ133.1

王丽君, 武杏荣, 王艳茹, 申星梅, 曹发斌. 铝-空气电池废电解液制备片状氧化铝的研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2024, 43(4): 1490-1498.

WANG Lijun, WU Xingrong, WANG Yanru, SHEN Xingmei, CAO Fabin. Preparation of Flake Alumina Using Aluminum-Air Battery Waste Electrolyte as Raw Material[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2024, 43(4): 1490-1498.

参考文献

[1] BUCKINGHAM R, ASSET T, ATANASSOV P. Aluminum-air batteries: a review of alloys, electrolytes and design[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 498: 229762.
[2] 张思雨, 周俊波, 陈良超, 等. 铝空气电池研究和应用趋势综述[J]. 电池, 2021, 51(5): 526-529.
ZHANG S Y, ZHOU J B, CHEN L C, et al. Review on research and application trends of aluminum-air battery[J]. Battery Bimonthly, 2021, 51(5): 526-529 (in Chinese).
[3] PAN W D, WANG Y F, KWOK H Y H, et al. Aluminum-air battery with cotton substrate: controlling the discharge capacity by electrolyte pre-deposition[J]. Green Energy & Environment, 2023, 8(3): 757-766.
[4] 伍赛特. 铝空气电池应用于汽车动力装置的技术现状及前景展望[J]. 小型内燃机与车辆技术, 2019, 48(1): 78-80.
WU S T. Current status and future prospect of aluminum air battery used in automotive engines[J]. Small Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicle Technique, 2019, 48(1): 78-80 (in Chinese).
[5] 黄世娥, 吴华忠, 洪蕾, 等. 以单晶片状氧化铝为基材包覆二氧化钛银白珠光颜料的制备[J]. 陶瓷学报, 2018, 39(1): 48-52.
HUANG S E, WU H Z, HONG L, et al. Preparation of silver white pearlescent pigment by coating single crystal flaky alumina substrate with titanium dioxide[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2018, 39(1): 48-52 (in Chinese).
[6] 李超, 刘红宇. 用于导热填料的片状氧化铝的制备[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2020, 39(7): 2286-2290+2307.
LI C, LIU H Y. Preparation of flaky alumina for heat conducting filler[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(7): 2286-2290+2307 (in Chinese).
[7] 王玲, 王千瑞, 刘冲, 等. 片状氧化铝的发展历程与应用前景[J]. 陶瓷学报, 2016, 37(6): 608-612.
WANG L, WANG Q R, LIU C, et al. Development process and application prospect of flaky aluminum oxide[J]. Journal of Ceramics, 2016, 37(6): 608-612 (in Chinese).
[8] ZHANG L, VLEUGELS J, VAN DER BIEST O. Fabrication of textured alumina by orienting template particles during electrophoretic deposition[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2010, 30(5): 1195-1202.
[9] JIANG R, LIU H T, CHENG H F. Characterization for thermal evolution of boehmite precursor and preparation of alumina through a sol-gel process[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2018, 47(S2): 188-192.
[10] 周振君, 杨正方, 袁启明, 等. 溶胶-凝胶法合成小尺寸板状氧化铝[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2003, 22(4): 11-15+45.
ZHOU Z J, YANG Z F, YUAN Q M, et al. Preparation of small sized α-alumina platelet by sol-gel method[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2003, 22(4): 11-15+45 (in Chinese).
[11] BEHERA P S, SARKAR R, BHATTACHARYYA S. Nano alumina: a review of the powder synthesis method[J]. Interceram International Ceramic Review, 2016, 65(1): 10-16.
[12] LIU W Q, LIU X G, ZHANG P P, et al. Nano-sized plate-like alumina synthesis via solution combustion[J]. Ceramics International, 2019, 45(8): 9919-9925.
[13] CESTEROS Y, SALAGRE P, MEDINA F, et al. Several factors affecting faster rates of gibbsite formation[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 1999, 11(1): 123-129.
[14] 杜雪莲. 单分散α-Al₂O₃纳米颗粒粉体的制备与表征[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2008.
DU X L. Preparation and characterization of monodisperse α-Al₂O₃ nanoparticles[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2008 (in Chinese).
[15] 武志富. 纳米氧化铝形貌与性质之间的关系研究[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2020, 49(2): 353-357.
WU Z F. Study on the relationship between the morphology and properties of nanoscale alumina[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2020, 49(2): 353-357 (in Chinese).
[16] YANG Y, JIAO X L, CHEN B, et al. Preparation of fine-grained α-alumina powder from seeded boehmite[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2013, 15(8): 1855.
[17] 李素强. 片状α-Al₂O₃颗粒粉体的制备[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2009.
LI S Q. Synthesis of plate-like single-phase α-Al₂O₃ particles[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2009 (in Chinese).
[18] KIM B Y, LEE Y J, SHIN D G, et al. Effect of salt on crystal growth of plate-like alumina particles by molten-salt method[J]. Korean Chemical Engineering Research, 2015, 53(5): 603-608.
[19] LI J, YIN Z L, DING Z Y, et al. Homogeneous nucleation of Al(OH)₃ crystals from supersaturated sodium aluminate solution investigated by in situ conductivity[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2016, 163: 77-82.
[20] 吕建明. 高浓度铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程强化与粒子行为的研究[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2014.
LV J M. Study on seed decomposition process strengthening and particle behavior of high concentration sodium aluminate solution liquid crystal[D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2014 (in Chinese).
[21] SHI W D, YANG C, QIU M H, et al. A new method for preparing α-alumina ultrafiltration membrane at low sintering temperature[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2022, 642: 119992.
[22] 王建立, 宋为聪, 侯焕焕, 等. 晶习调整剂及晶种对细晶煅烧氧化铝性能的影响[J]. 轻金属, 2023(1): 14-18.
WANG J L, SONG W C, HOU H H, et al. Effect of crystal growth habit modifier and crystal seed on performance of fine-crystal calcined alumina[J]. Light Metals, 2023(1): 14-18 (in Chinese).
[23] 张鹤, 邵国强, 史和邦, 等. 片状氧化铝的熔盐法制备关键参数[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4187-4195.
ZHANG H, SHAO G Q, SHI H B, et al. Key parameters of preparing flake alumina by molten salt method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4187-4195 (in Chinese).