基于响应面法的碱激发地聚物固化淤泥质土试验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为实现滩涂淤泥质土和工业废料资源化利用,定量优化地聚物固化淤泥质土的关键因素,基于Box-Behnken响应面法对碱激发矿渣-粉煤灰基地聚物固化淤泥质土的配合比进行优化,选取矿渣掺量、碱激发剂模数和碱激发剂掺量为主要考察因素,并结合宏观性能和微观形貌进行固化机理分析。结果表明:固化土最优配合比为矿渣掺量86.5%(质量分数),碱激发剂模数0.84,碱激发剂掺量7.3%(质量分数),此时固化土7和28 d无侧限抗压强度分别为5 823和7 027 kPa,预测值与实际值误差较小,所建立的模型与实际数据拟合准确可靠;固化土的水化产物主要为无定形凝胶水化硅铝酸钙(C-(A)-S-H)和硅铝酸盐聚合物(N-A-S-H),可增强土体的密实程度和骨架结构,以此提高固化土的强度。本研究为碱激发地聚物固化淤泥质土提供了理论依据和实验基础。

关键词: 响应面法, 碱激发, 地聚物, 淤泥质土, 优化, 无侧限抗压强度, 微观结构

Abstract: In order to achieve the resource utilization of beach silty soil and industrial wastes, and quantitatively optimize the critical factors of geopolymer cured silty soil, the mix ratio of alkali-activated slag-fly ash based geopolymer cured silty soil was optimized based on the Box-Behnken response surface method. The slag content, alkali activator modulus and alkali activator content were selected as the main factors to be investigated, and the curing mechanism was analyzed by combining the macroscopic properties and microscopic morphology. The results show that: the optimum mix ratio of cured soil is slag content 86.5% (mass fraction), alkali activator modulus 0.84, alkali activator content 7.3% (mass fraction), the unconfined compressive strength of cured soil at 7 and 28 d under the optimum mix ratio is 5 823 and 7 027 kPa, respectively. The prediction value has a small error with the actual value, and the established model is accurate and reliable in fitting the actual data. The hydration products of cured soil are mainly amorphous gel hydrated calcium silica-aluminate (C-(A)-S-H) and silica-aluminate polymer (N-A-S-H), which enhance the densification and skeletal structure of soil body, thus improving the strength of cured soil. This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental foundation for alkali-activated geopolymer cured silty soil.

Key words: response surface method, alkali-activation, geopolymer, silty soil, optimization, unconfined compressive strength, microstructure

中图分类号:

TU52

李胜, 张红日, 王桂尧, 邓人睿. 基于响应面法的碱激发地聚物固化淤泥质土试验研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2023, 42(12): 4438-4448.

LI Sheng, ZHANG Hongri, WANG Guiyao, DENG Renrui. Experimental Study of Alkali-Activated Geopolymer Cured Silty Soil Based on Response Surface Method[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2023, 42(12): 4438-4448.

参考文献

[1] 刘汉龙, 赵明华. 地基处理研究进展[J]. 土木工程学报, 2016, 49(1): 96-115.
LIU H L, ZHAO M H. Review of ground improvement technical and its application in China[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2016, 49(1): 96-115 (in Chinese).
[2] 谷川, 王林伟, 王军, 等. 不同初始含水率条件下欠固结软黏土地基单桩负摩阻力模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(12): 2554-2566.
GU C, WANG L W, WANG J, et al. Model test study on negative friction of single pile in underconsolidated soft clay foundation under different initial moisture content[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2022, 41(12): 2554-2566 (in Chinese).
[3] 徐日庆, 朱坤垅, 黄伟, 等. 淤泥质土固化及路用性能试验研究[J]. 湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 49(3): 167-174.
XU R Q, ZHU K L, HUANG W, et al. Experimental study on solidification and road performance of mucky soil[J]. Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), 2022, 49(3): 167-174 (in Chinese).
[4] ZENTAR R, WANG D X, ABRIAK N E, et al. Utilization of siliceous-aluminous fly ash and cement for solidification of marine sediments[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 35: 856-863.
[5] SAINI G, VATTIPALLI U. Assessing properties of alkali activated GGBS based self-compacting geopolymer concrete using nano-silica[J]. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2020, 12: e00352.
[6] 俞家人, 陈永辉, 陈庚, 等. 地聚物固化软黏土的力学特征及机理分析[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2020, 23(2): 364-371.
YU J R, CHEN Y H, CHEN G, et al. Mechanical behaviour of geopolymer stabilized clay and its mechanism[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2020, 23(2): 364-371 (in Chinese).
[7] 刘松玉, 詹良通, 胡黎明, 等. 环境岩土工程研究进展[J]. 土木工程学报, 2016, 49(3): 6-30.
LIU S Y, ZHAN L T, HU L M, et al. Environmental geotechnics: state-of-the-art of theory, testing and application to practice[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2016, 49(3): 6-30 (in Chinese).
[8] DAVIDOVITS J. Geopolymers and geopolymeric materials[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis, 1989, 35(2): 429-441.
[9] WANG A G, ZHENG Y, ZHANG Z H, et al. The durability of alkali-activated materials in comparison with ordinary Portland cements and concretes: a review[J]. Engineering, 2020, 6(6): 695-706.
[10] LV Q F, WANG Z S, GU L Y, et al. Effect of sodium sulfate on strength and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash based geopolymer[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2020, 27(6): 1691-1702.
[11] 孙秀丽, 童琦, 刘文化, 等. 碱激发粉煤灰和矿粉改性疏浚淤泥力学特性及显微结构研究[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 2017, 57(6): 622-628.
SUN X L, TONG Q, LIU W H, et al. Study of microstructure and mechanical properties of dredged silt solidified using fly ash and slag stimulated by alkali[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 2017, 57(6): 622-628 (in Chinese).
[12] 吴燕开, 胡晓士, 胡锐, 等. 烧碱激发钢渣粉在淤泥质土中的试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2017, 39(12): 2187-2194.
WU Y K, HU X S, HU R, et al. Experimental study on caustic soda-activated steel slag powder in muddy soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(12): 2187-2194 (in Chinese).
[13] YAGHOUBI M, ARULRAJAH A, DISFANI M M, et al. Effects of industrial by-product based geopolymers on the strength development of a soft soil[J]. Soils and Foundations, 2018, 58(3): 716-728.
[14] WANG Y G, LIU X M, ZHANG W, et al. Effects of Si/Al ratio on the efflorescence and properties of fly ash based geopolymer[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244: 118852.
[15] DONG C H, XIE X Q, WANG X L, et al. Application of Box-Behnken design in optimisation for polysaccharides extraction from cultured mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis[J]. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2009, 87(2): 139-144.
[16] ASADZADEH S, KHOSHBAYAN S. Multi-objective optimization of influential factors on production process of foamed concrete using Box-Behnken approach[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 170: 101-110.
[17] HATTAB M W. On the use of data transformation in response surface methodology[J]. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 2018, 34(6): 1185-1194.
[18] 刘树龙, 李公成, 刘国磊, 等. 基于响应面法的矿渣基全固废胶凝材料配比优化[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2021, 40(1): 187-193.
LIU S L, LI G C, LIU G L, et al. Ratio optimization of slag-based solid waste cementitious material based on response surface method[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 40(1): 187-193 (in Chinese).
[19] 吕官记, 季韬. 基于响应面法的三元聚合物砂浆力学性能[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2021, 24(5): 970-976.
LÜ G J, JI T. Mechanical properties of ternary polymer mortar based on response surface method[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2021, 24(5): 970-976 (in Chinese).
[20] 杨振甲, 何猛, 吴杨, 等. 矿渣-粉煤灰地聚物固化淤泥力学性能和路用性能研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(2): 693-703+724.
YANG Z J, HE M, WU Y, et al. Mechanical properties and road performance of slag-fly ash geopolymer stabilized sludge[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 41(2): 693-703+724 (in Chinese).
[21] YAO J L, QIU H J, HE H A, et al. Application of a soft soil stabilized by composite geopolymer[J]. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 2021, 35(4): 35.
[22] 王东星, 王宏伟, 邹维列, 等. 碱激发粉煤灰固化淤泥微观机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(增刊1): 3197-3205.
WANG D X, WANG H W, ZOU W L, et al. Research on micro-mechanisms of dredged sludge solidified with alkali-activated fly ash[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38(supplement 1): 3197-3205 (in Chinese).
[23] 吴俊, 征西遥, 杨爱武, 等. 矿渣-粉煤灰基地质聚合物固化淤泥质黏土的抗压强度试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(3): 647-655.
WU J, ZHENG X Y, YANG A W, et al. Experimental study on the compressive strength of muddy clay solidified by the one-part slag-fly ash based geopolymer[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2021, 42(3): 647-655 (in Chinese).
[24] 童国庆, 张吾渝, 高义婷, 等. 碱激发粉煤灰地聚物的力学性能及微观机制研究[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(4): 129-134.
TONG G Q, ZHANG W Y, GAO Y T, et al. Mechanical properties and micromechanism of alkali-activated fly ash geopolymer[J]. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(4): 129-134 (in Chinese).
[25] 周恒宇, 王修山, 胡星星, 等. 地聚合物固化淤泥强度增长影响因素及机制分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(8): 2089-2098.
ZHOU H Y, WANG X S, HU X X, et al. Influencing factors and mechanism analysis of strength development of geopolymer stabilized sludge[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2021, 42(8): 2089-2098 (in Chinese).