利用黄金尾矿制备陶瓷清水砖的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了实现黄金尾矿高效资源化利用,以黄金尾矿为主要原料,采用无压烧结制备了陶瓷清水砖样品,研究了黄金尾矿添加量对样品相组成、显微结构及性能的影响。结果表明,当烧成温度为1 100 ℃,黄金尾矿添加量为70%(质量分数)时,样品性能最优,其抗折强度达73.42 MPa,吸水率为0.10%,气孔率为0.25%,体积密度为2.46 g/cm³,烧成收缩为8.64%,达到GB/T 4100—2015《陶瓷砖》中瓷质砖的要求。样品的相组成为钙长石、石英、白榴子石和赤铁矿。清水砖坯釉结合性好,釉面光滑,色泽均匀。

关键词: 黄金尾矿, 陶瓷清水砖, 显微结构, 相组成, 资源利用, 坯釉结合性

Abstract: In order to realize the high value utilization of gold tailings, the ceramic facing brick was prepared by pressureless firing method with gold tailings as the main raw material. The effects of gold tailings addition on phase composition, microstructure and properties were investigated. The results reveal that the sample with 70% (mass fraction) gold tailings fired at 1 100 ℃ has the optimal bending strength of 73.42 MPa, water absorption of 0.10%, porosity of 0.25%, bulk density of 2.46 g/cm³ and firing shrinkage of 8.64%. The performance meets the requirements of Chinese national standard GB/T 4100—2015 “Ceramic tiles”. The phases of the samples are anorthite, quartz, leucite and hematite. The glaze surface of the facing brick is smooth with uniform color, and the binding property between the body and glaze of the facing brick is excellent.

Key words: gold tailing, ceramic facing brick, microstructure, phase composition, resource utilization, binding property between the body and glaze

中图分类号:

TQ174.74

吴建锋, 吴昌虎, 徐晓虹, 田克忠, 刘洋, 马思童. 利用黄金尾矿制备陶瓷清水砖的研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2022, 41(2): 640-648.

WU Jianfeng, WU Changhu, XU Xiaohong, TIAN Kezhong, LIU Yang, MA Sitong. Preparation of Ceramic Facing Brick from Gold Tailings[J]. BULLETIN OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2022, 41(2): 640-648.

参考文献

[1] 赵英良,邢军,孙晓刚,等.黄金尾矿资源化利用研究现状与进展[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2016,68(3):1-4+8.
ZHAO Y L, XING J, SUN X G, et al. Research status and progress on resource utilization of gold tailings[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mining Section), 2016, 68(3): 1-4+8 (in Chinese).
[2] 姚志通,李金惠,刘丽丽,等.黄金尾矿的处理及综合利用[J].中国矿业,2011,20(12):60-63+66.
YAO Z T, LI J H, LIU L L, et al. The treatment and comprehensive utilization of gold tailings[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2011, 20(12): 60-63+66 (in Chinese).
[3] YAO G, LIU Q, WANG J X, et al. Effect of mechanical grinding on pozzolanic activity and hydration properties of siliceous gold ore tailings[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 217: 12-21.
[4] 李杨,孟凡涛,王鹏.黄金尾矿综合利用的研究进展[J].山东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2019,33(1):40-44.
LI Y, MENG F T, WANG P. Research progress of comprehensive utilization of gold tailings[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 33(1): 40-44 (in Chinese).
[5] SIBANDA T, SELVARAJAN R, MSAGATI T, et al. Defunct gold mine tailings are natural reservoir for unique bacterial communities revealed by high-throughput sequencing analysis[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 650: 2199-2209.
[6] 陈兰兰,卢东方,王毓华.黄金矿山尾矿的组成、危害及资源化利用技术[J].矿产保护与利用,2020,40(5):161-169.
CHEN L L, LU D F, WANG Y H. Composition, harm and resource utilization technology of gold mine tailings[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(5): 161-169 (in Chinese).
[7] 孙旭东,刘晓敏,龚裕,等.黄金尾矿建材化利用的研究现状及展望[J].金属矿山,2020(3):12-22.
SUN X D, LIU X M, GONG Y, et al. Research status and prospects for the utilization of gold tailings as building materials[J]. Metal Mine, 2020(3): 12-22 (in Chinese).
[8] 王德英,王蓓,孙广周.云南某金尾矿二次资源综合利用研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(1):62-64+68.
WANG D Y, WANG B, SUN G Z. Study on comprehensive utilization of a gold tailings as secondary resource from Yunnan[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2013, 33(1): 62-64+68 (in Chinese).
[9] 牛福生,梁银英,吴根.从金尾矿中回收精制石英砂的试验研究[J].中国矿业,2008,17(1):74-77.
NIU F S, LIANG Y Y, WU G. Experimental study on recovery of purity quartzite from gold tailing[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2008, 17(1): 74-77 (in Chinese).
[10] ÇELIK Ö, ELBEYLI I Y, PISKIN S. Utilization of gold tailings as an additive in Portland cement[J]. Waste Management & Research: the Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 2006, 24(3): 215-224.
[11] SHAO H, LIANG K, PENG F, et al. Production and properties of cordierite-based glass-ceramics from gold tailings[J]. Minerals Engineering, 2005, 18(6): 635-637.
[12] WEI Z A, ZHAO J K, WANG W S, et al. Utilizing gold mine tailings to produce sintered bricks[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 282: 122655.
[13] 吴建锋,丁培,徐晓虹,等.富赤泥陶瓷清水砖的研制[J].武汉理工大学学报,2007,29(7):22-25.
WU J F, DING P, XU X H, et al. Preparation of rich-red mud ceramic simple brick[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2007, 29(7): 22-25 (in Chinese).
[14] 吴睿林,冷森林,成昊,等.利用电解锰渣制备环保陶瓷清水砖的研究[J].广州化工,2017,45(23):52-53+58.
WU R L, LENG S L, CHENG H, et al. Preparation of ceramic simple bricks from manganese slag[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry, 2017, 45(23): 52-53+58 (in Chinese).
[15] 徐晓虹,熊碧玲,吴建锋,等.废铝灰制备陶瓷清水砖的研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,28(5):14-16+23.
XU X H, XIONG B L, WU J F, et al. The study on the preparation of ceramic simple brick from aluminium scruff ash[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2006, 28(5): 14-16+23 (in Chinese).
[16] DOVZHENKO I G. Light-tone ceramic facing brick manufacture using ferrous-metallurgy by-products[J]. Glass and Ceramics, 2011, 68(7/8): 247-249.
[17] 李士胜,李胜荣,李成禄,等.黑龙江永新金矿床金-银系列矿物与载金硫化物特征及成因分析[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2018,37(1):115-127.
LI S S, LI S R, LI C L, et al. Characteristics of the gold-silver minerals and auriferous sulfides in the Yongxin gold deposit of Heilongjiang Province and their genetic significance[J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 2018, 37(1): 115-127 (in Chinese).
[18] 徐晓虹,张晨,吴建锋,等.河南方城钾长石在炻质陶瓷薄板外墙砖中的应用研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2016,38(10):29-35.
XU X H, ZHANG C, WU J F, et al. Research of Fangcheng K-feldspar in stoneware ceramic external wall plate[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2016, 38(10): 29-35 (in Chinese).
[19] 刘康时.陶瓷工艺原理[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,1990:142-143.
LIU K S. Principles of ceramics technology[M]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology Press, 1990: 142-143 (in Chinese).
[20] 林宗寿.无机非金属材料工学[M].4版.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2013:152-155.
LIN Z S. Inorganic nonmetallic materials technology[M]. 4th ed. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology Press, 2013: 152-155 (in Chinese).
[21] GENG R X, XIA J P, CHEN Z J, et al. Effects of potassium feldspar on slagging and fluxing in phosphorus produced via electric furnace[J]. Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements, 2017, 192(4): 475-480.
[22] 董伟霞,顾幸勇,包启富.长石矿物及其应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010:171-192.
DONG W X, GU X Y, BAO Q F. Feldspar minerals and their applications[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2010: 171-192 (in Chinese).
[23] 秦娟,崔崇,崔晓昱,等.钙长石晶体的形成机制研究[J].人工晶体学报,2016,45(5):1153-1157.
QIN J, CUI C, CUI X Y, et al. Study on formation mechanism of anorthite crystal[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2016, 45(5): 1153-1157 (in Chinese).
[24] 吴建锋,金昊,徐晓虹,等.利用石墨尾矿研制陶瓷仿古砖[J].硅酸盐学报,2019,47(12):1760-1767.
WU J F, JIN H, XU X H, et al. Preparation of ceramic rustic from graphite tailings[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2019, 47(12): 1760-1767 (in Chinese).